Lupinus brevicaulis |
Lupinus rivularis |
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sand lupine, short stem blue lupine, short-stem lupine |
river-bank lupine, stream bank lupine |
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Habit | Herbs, annual, usually less than 1 dm, pubescent, hairs more than 1 mm. | Herbs, perennial, 3.5–10 dm, green, ± glabrous. |
Stems | very short, tufted, branched. |
decumbent, ascending, or erect, branched, dark brown to red, usually hollow. |
Leaves | cauline, crowded near base; stipules well developed; petiole 1–6 cm; leaflets (3 or)5–9, blades 8–20 × 2–9 mm, adaxial surface glabrous. |
cauline; stipules 7–15 mm; petiole 3–5 cm; leaflets 5–9, blades 20–40 × 4–9 mm, adaxial surface glabrous. |
Racemes | dense, 3–16-flowered, 1–8 cm; flowers spirally arranged, crowded. |
open, 15–50 cm; flowers ± whorled or not. |
Peduncles | 1–8(–10) cm; bracts persistent, straight, 2–3 mm. |
3–15 cm; bracts deciduous, 8–10 mm. |
Pedicels | 0.3–1.5 mm. |
5–10 mm. |
Flowers | 6–8 mm; calyx abaxial lobe entire or shallowly cleft, ± 6 mm, adaxial lobe 2-toothed, 3 mm, less than 1/2 as long as abaxial; corolla bright blue, banner spot white or yellow, keel glabrous. |
12–16 mm; calyx bulge or spur 0–1 mm, abaxial lobe entire or ± 3-toothed, 7–9 mm, adaxial lobe 2-toothed, 7–8 mm; corolla violet, banner glabrous abaxially, lower keel margins glabrous, adaxial margin ciliate claw to tip. |
Legumes | not undulate, 1 cm, thinly pilose to coarsely hirsute. |
dark, 3–7 cm, sparsely hairy. |
Cotyledons | persistent, disclike, sessile. |
deciduous, petiolate. |
Seeds | 1 or 2, smooth. |
7 or 8, mottled brown with black line, 3–4 mm. |
Lupinus brevicaulis |
Lupinus rivularis |
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Phenology | Flowering spring. | Flowering Mar–Jun. |
Habitat | Sandy washes, open areas, grasslands, pinyon pine-juniper forests, creosote bush scrub, mesquite. | Gravelly prairies, open woods, riverbanks. |
Elevation | 300–2400 m. (1000–7900 ft.) | 0–500 m. (0–1600 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; CO; NM; NV; OR; UT; WY; Mexico (Chihuahua, Sonora)
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CA; OR; WA; BC
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Discussion | Lupinus brevicaulis resembles L. flavoculatus except that its flowers are smaller. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Lupinus rivularis ranges from Mendocino County in California northward through Oregon and Washington. It has been confirmed in British Columbia (where it is of conservation concern) in the extreme southwestern corner of the province, with a single population on southern Vancouver Island and five populations in the lower Fraser Valley. Lupinus rivularis is distinguished by its absence of wood, banners that are glabrous abaxially, ciliate keels, glabrous leaf surfaces, and violet flowers. It grades into blue-flowered L. arboreus but blooms earlier (late winter, spring) and is not sweet-smelling. L. L. Phillips (1955) considered L. rivularis as synonymous with L. albicaulis. Lupinus rivularis is widely planted for erosion control in western Oregon; it is of conservation concern in Canada. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | L. amphibius, L. lignipes | |
Name authority | S. Watson: Botany (Fortieth Parallel), 53, plate 7, figs. 1–4. (1871) | Douglas ex Lindley: Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 19: plate 1595. (1833) |
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