Lupinus brevicaulis |
Lupinus bicolor |
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sand lupine, short stem blue lupine, short-stem lupine |
bicolor lupine, field lupine, Lindley's annual lupine, Lindley's lupine, lupine, miniature lupine, Montana lupine, small-flower lupine, two-color lupine, two-colour lupine |
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Habit | Herbs, annual, usually less than 1 dm, pubescent, hairs more than 1 mm. | Herbs, annual, 0.5–4 dm, pubescent. |
Stems | very short, tufted, branched. |
ascending or erect, branched or unbranched. |
Leaves | cauline, crowded near base; stipules well developed; petiole 1–6 cm; leaflets (3 or)5–9, blades 8–20 × 2–9 mm, adaxial surface glabrous. |
cauline; petiole 1–7 cm; leaflets 5–8, blades 10–40 × 1–5 mm, adaxial surface glabrous or sparsely pubescent. |
Racemes | dense, 3–16-flowered, 1–8 cm; flowers spirally arranged, crowded. |
4–20 cm; flowers usually in fewer than 5 whorls, sometimes spirally arranged. |
Peduncles | 1–8(–10) cm; bracts persistent, straight, 2–3 mm. |
3–10 cm; bracts deciduous, 4–6 mm. |
Pedicels | 0.3–1.5 mm. |
1–3.5 mm. |
Flowers | 6–8 mm; calyx abaxial lobe entire or shallowly cleft, ± 6 mm, adaxial lobe 2-toothed, 3 mm, less than 1/2 as long as abaxial; corolla bright blue, banner spot white or yellow, keel glabrous. |
4–10 mm; calyx abaxial lobe entire, 4–6 mm, adaxial lobe deeply cleft, 2–4 mm; corolla usually blue, rarely light blue, pink, or white, banner spot white, becoming magenta, upper keel margins usually ciliate near apex, rarely glabrous, sometimes blunt, banner longer than wide. |
Legumes | not undulate, 1 cm, thinly pilose to coarsely hirsute. |
1–3 × 0.3–0.6 cm, pubescent. |
Cotyledons | persistent, disclike, sessile. |
deciduous, petiolate. |
Seeds | 1 or 2, smooth. |
5–8. |
2n | = 48. |
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Lupinus brevicaulis |
Lupinus bicolor |
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Phenology | Flowering spring. | Flowering late winter–spring (Mar–Jun). |
Habitat | Sandy washes, open areas, grasslands, pinyon pine-juniper forests, creosote bush scrub, mesquite. | Open or disturbed areas. |
Elevation | 300–2400 m. (1000–7900 ft.) | 0–1600 m. (0–5200 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; CO; NM; NV; OR; UT; WY; Mexico (Chihuahua, Sonora)
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AZ; CA; OR; WA; BC; Mexico (Baja California, Baja California Sur, Sonora)
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Discussion | Lupinus brevicaulis resembles L. flavoculatus except that its flowers are smaller. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Lupinus bicolor is naturalized in Arizona. The named subspecies and varieties do not conform to consistently recognizable geographical or morphological entities (D. B. Dunn 1955). Vigorous plants with larger flowers may be confused with L. nanus. In California, plants on the Outer North Coast Ranges may persist for two growing seasons. Lupinus bicolor (as L. polycarpus) has been reported from Alabama (A. R. Diamond 2016) and Michigan (E. G. Voss and A. A. Reznicek 2012). Lupinus micranthus Douglas (1829, not Gussone 1828) is an illegitimate name that pertains here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | L. bicolor subsp. marginatus, L. bicolor var. micranthus, L. bicolor subsp. microphyllus, L. bicolor var. microphyllus, L. bicolor subsp. pipersmithii, L. bicolor var. pipersmithii, L. bicolor var. rostratus, L. bicolor subsp. tridentatus, L. bicolor var. tridentatus, L. bicolor var. trifidus, L. bicolor subsp. umbellatus, L. bicolor var. umbellatus, L. congdonii, L. polycarpus | |
Name authority | S. Watson: Botany (Fortieth Parallel), 53, plate 7, figs. 1–4. (1871) | Lindley: Bot. Reg. 13: plate 1109. (1827) |
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