sand lupine, short stem blue lupine, short-stem lupine
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Donner Lake lupine, dwarf lupine, Lobb's lupine, Pacific lupine, prairie lupine, prostrate lupine, stool lupine, tidy lupine
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Herbs, annual, usually less than 1 dm, pubescent, hairs more than 1 mm. |
Herbs, perennial, less than 6 dm, matted, hairy. |
very short, tufted, branched. |
acaulescent or prostrate to ± erect, unbranched or branched. |
cauline, crowded near base; stipules well developed; petiole 1–6 cm; leaflets (3 or)5–9, blades 8–20 × 2–9 mm, adaxial surface glabrous. |
usually basal, sometimes cauline present; stipules 3–25 mm; petiole 2–13 cm; leaflets 5–8, blades 5–40 × 3–7 mm, surfaces pubescent. |
dense, 3–16-flowered, 1–8 cm; flowers spirally arranged, crowded. |
dense, 3–20 cm, not exceeding to exserted beyond leaves; flowers whorled, usually crowded. |
1–8(–10) cm; bracts persistent, straight, 2–3 mm. |
2–13 cm; bracts usually persistent, 4–15 mm. |
0.3–1.5 mm. |
0.4–3 mm. |
6–8 mm; calyx abaxial lobe entire or shallowly cleft, ± 6 mm, adaxial lobe 2-toothed, 3 mm, less than 1/2 as long as abaxial; corolla bright blue, banner spot white or yellow, keel glabrous. |
6–13 mm; calyx bulge or spur 0–1 mm, abaxial lobe entire or 3-toothed, 4–7 mm, adaxial lobe entire or 2-toothed, 3–7 mm; corolla pink, violet, or blue, banner glabrous abaxially, lower keel margins glabrous, adaxial margin ciliate. |
not undulate, 1 cm, thinly pilose to coarsely hirsute. |
1–2 cm, hairy. |
persistent, disclike, sessile. |
deciduous, petiolate. |
1 or 2, smooth. |
2–6, ± mottled tan or green to brown, 2–4 mm. |
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Flowering spring. |
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Sandy washes, open areas, grasslands, pinyon pine-juniper forests, creosote bush scrub, mesquite. |
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300–2400 m. (1000–7900 ft.) |
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AZ; CA; CO; NM; NV; OR; UT; WY; Mexico (Chihuahua, Sonora)
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w North America
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Lupinus brevicaulis resembles L. flavoculatus except that its flowers are smaller. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Varieties 10 (10 in the flora). Dwarf perennial lupines are usually characterized by a cespitose habit, persistent inflorescence bracts, banners that are glabrous abaxially, and ciliate keel petals. The history of the taxonomy of this group was discussed in detail by B. J. Cox (1972), R. C. Barneby (1989), and K. A. Weitemier (2010). Barneby gave justification for his conservative treatment of this taxon, which is generally followed here. Genetic analysis in lupines has shown little separation, according to Weitemier, but he suggested that there is good evidence to retain these variations as varieties, following Barneby, rather than elevating them to species level. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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1. Racemes not exceeding leaves, or only partially so. | → 2 |
2. Banner recurved, reflexed, 3+ mm wide. | var. aridus |
2. Banner not or scarcely recurved, overhanging wings, 2.5–3 mm wide. | → 3 |
3. Stems present and branched; leaves basal and cauline; racemes loose; pedicels 2.5–. | var. cusickii |
3. Stems very short or absent, densely tufted; leaves basal; racemes dense; pedicels 0.4–. | → 1 |
| var. utahensis |
1. Racemes entirely exserted beyond leaves. | → 4 |
4. Leaves clustered near base (appearing ± basal); herbs appearing acaulescent or shortly caulescent. | → 5 |
5. Flowers 9–12 mm; leaflet blades 10–20 mm; rare, only from Mt. Ashland, Oregon. | L. lepidus var ashlandensis |
5. Flowers 6–9(–10) mm; leaflet blades 5–30 mm; British Columbia southward to California, eastward to Idaho, Nevada. | → 6 |
6. Racemes ± dense, 2–8 cm; herbs to 1 dm; leaflet blades 5–10 mm; elevation (1600–)2000–3500 m. | var. lobbii |
6. Racemes elongate, (2–)4.5–11(–15) cm; herbs 1.2–3.5 dm; leaflet blades 10–30 mm; elevation 1000–2500 m. | var. sellulus |
4. Leaves usually spread along stems or at least with some tufts of cauline leaves; herbs usually strongly caulescent (except stems short or absent in var. culbertsonii). | → 7 |
7. Flowers 10–14 mm; Alberta, British Columbia, Alaska, Oregon, Washington. | var. lepidus |
7. Flowers 7–11.5(–12) mm; California, Nevada. | → 8 |
8. Racemes dense, (5–)12–30 cm; flowers in 9–12 whorls, dense; leaves cauline; elevation (300–)1500–2500(–3200 m). | var. confertus |
8. Racemes usually open, 2–10(–12) cm; flowers in (2 or)3–7 whorls, ± well spaced; leaves basal and cauline; elevation 1900–4000 m. | → 9 |
9. Leaflet blades usually 10–30 mm; flowers (9–)10–11.5 mm; elevation 1900–3600 m. | var. culbertsonii |
9. Leaflet blades usually 5–15(–30) mm; flowers usually 7–9(–12) mm; elevation 2300–4000 m. | var. ramosus |
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FNA vol. 11. |
FNA vol. 11. |
Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus |
Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus |
L. adsurgens, L. affinis, L. albicaulis, L. albifrons, L. andersonii, L. angustiflorus, L. antoninus, L. apertus, L. arboreus, L. arbustus, L. arcticus, L. argenteus, L. arizonicus, L. benthamii, L. bicolor, L. breweri, L. cervinus, L. chamissonis, L. citrinus, L. concinnus, L. constancei, L. covillei, L. croceus, L. dalesiae, L. diffusus, L. duranii, L. elatus, L. elmeri, L. excubitus, L. flavoculatus, L. formosus, L. fulcratus, L. gracilentus, L. grayi, L. guadalupensis, L. havardii, L. hirsutissimus, L. huachucanus, L. hyacinthinus, L. kingii, L. kuschei, L. lapidicola, L. latifolius, L. lepidus, L. leucophyllus, L. littoralis, L. longifolius, L. ludovicianus, L. luteolus, L. magnificus, L. malacophyllus, L. microcarpus, L. nanus, L. neomexicanus, L. nevadensis, L. nipomensis, L. nootkatensis, L. obtusilobus, L. odoratus, L. onustus, L. oreganus, L. pachylobus, L. padrecrowleyi, L. peirsonii, L. perennis, L. polyphyllus, L. pratensis, L. pusillus, L. rivularis, L. sabineanus, L. sericatus, L. sericeus, L. shockleyi, L. sierrae-blancae, L. sparsiflorus, L. spectabilis, L. stiversii, L. subcarnosus, L. succulentus, L. sulphureus, L. texensis, L. tidestromii, L. tracyi, L. truncatus, L. uncialis, L. villosus, L. westianus |
L. adsurgens, L. affinis, L. albicaulis, L. albifrons, L. andersonii, L. angustiflorus, L. antoninus, L. apertus, L. arboreus, L. arbustus, L. arcticus, L. argenteus, L. arizonicus, L. benthamii, L. bicolor, L. brevicaulis, L. breweri, L. cervinus, L. chamissonis, L. citrinus, L. concinnus, L. constancei, L. covillei, L. croceus, L. dalesiae, L. diffusus, L. duranii, L. elatus, L. elmeri, L. excubitus, L. flavoculatus, L. formosus, L. fulcratus, L. gracilentus, L. grayi, L. guadalupensis, L. havardii, L. hirsutissimus, L. huachucanus, L. hyacinthinus, L. kingii, L. kuschei, L. lapidicola, L. latifolius, L. leucophyllus, L. littoralis, L. longifolius, L. ludovicianus, L. luteolus, L. magnificus, L. malacophyllus, L. microcarpus, L. nanus, L. neomexicanus, L. nevadensis, L. nipomensis, L. nootkatensis, L. obtusilobus, L. odoratus, L. onustus, L. oreganus, L. pachylobus, L. padrecrowleyi, L. peirsonii, L. perennis, L. polyphyllus, L. pratensis, L. pusillus, L. rivularis, L. sabineanus, L. sericatus, L. sericeus, L. shockleyi, L. sierrae-blancae, L. sparsiflorus, L. spectabilis, L. stiversii, L. subcarnosus, L. succulentus, L. sulphureus, L. texensis, L. tidestromii, L. tracyi, L. truncatus, L. uncialis, L. villosus, L. westianus |
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S. Watson: Botany (Fortieth Parallel), 53, plate 7, figs. 1–4. (1871) |
Douglas ex Lindley: Bot. Reg. 14: plate 1149. (1828) |
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