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Lupinus brevicaulis

sand lupine, short stem blue lupine, short-stem lupine

silvery lupine

Habit Herbs, annual, usually less than 1 dm, pubescent, hairs more than 1 mm. Herbs, perennial, 1–15 dm, green and glabrous or silvery-hairy; from superficial or shallowly buried root crown.
Stems

very short, tufted, branched.

erect or ascending, green or purplish, clustered, branched or unbranched.

Leaves

cauline, crowded near base;

stipules well developed;

petiole 1–6 cm;

leaflets (3 or)5–9, blades 8–20 × 2–9 mm, adaxial surface glabrous.

basal and/or cauline;

stipules 2–12 mm;

petiole 1–15 cm;

leaflets (5 or)6–10, blades 10–60 × 4–10 mm, abaxial surface hairy, adaxial surface glabrous or hairy (but not strigose).

Racemes

dense, 3–16-flowered, 1–8 cm;

flowers spirally arranged, crowded.

loose, 5–16(–25) cm;

flowers whorled or not.

Peduncles

1–8(–10) cm;

bracts persistent, straight, 2–3 mm.

(1–)4–25(–30) cm;

bracts usually deciduous, 3–4 mm.

Pedicels

0.3–1.5 mm.

(1–)2–5(–7) mm.

Flowers

6–8 mm;

calyx abaxial lobe entire or shallowly cleft, ± 6 mm, adaxial lobe 2-toothed, 3 mm, less than 1/2 as long as abaxial;

corolla bright blue, banner spot white or yellow, keel glabrous.

5–15 mm;

calyx 4–8 mm, bulge or spur 0–3 mm (may be variable on plant), abaxial lobe entire or 3-toothed, adaxial lobe entire or 2-toothed;

corolla usually blue, sometimes purple, violet, pink, lilac, or white, banner patch yellowish to whitish, blue, brown, or absent, banner not much reflexed-recurved beyond midpoint, this less than 3 mm proximal to apex, banner glabrous or pubescent abaxially, wings glabrous, lower keel margins glabrous, upper margins ciliate.

Legumes

not undulate, 1 cm, thinly pilose to coarsely hirsute.

(1–)2–3 cm, hairy or silky.

Cotyledons

persistent, disclike, sessile.

deciduous, petiolate.

Seeds

1 or 2, smooth.

(2 or)3–5(or 6), tan, brown, or red.

Lupinus brevicaulis

Lupinus argenteus

Phenology Flowering spring.
Habitat Sandy washes, open areas, grasslands, pinyon pine-juniper forests, creosote bush scrub, mesquite.
Elevation 300–2400 m. (1000–7900 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CA; CO; NM; NV; OR; UT; WY; Mexico (Chihuahua, Sonora)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from USDA
w North America
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[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Lupinus brevicaulis resembles L. flavoculatus except that its flowers are smaller.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Varieties 14 (14 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Calyx spur 1–3 mm.
→ 2
2. Flowers in profile appearing open, spur pronounced.
var. heteranthus
2. Flowers in profile appearing closed; spur less pronounced.
→ 3
3. Petioles of proximal cauline leaves 1.5–3 cm.
var. argophyllus
3. Petioles of proximal cauline leaves 3–12 cm.
var. utahensis
1. Calyx bulge 0–1 mm, but not elongated into a spur.
→ 4
4. Leaflets oblanceolate, flat, green, surfaces glabrous or adaxially pubescent; plants of cool, moist mountain meadows, stream banks, lakeshores.
→ 5
5. Corollas pale blue with brown banner patch; pedicels 1–2.5 mm.
var. fulvomaculatus
5. Corollas usually blue with yellow banner spot or none; pedicels usually 3–4 mm.
→ 6
6. Stems unbranched and racemes sol­itary, terminal.
var. rubricaulis
6. Stems branched, giving rise to several racemes.
→ 7
7. Corolla wings (7.5–)8–10 mm.
var. argentatus
7. Corolla wings 5–7.5 mm.
var. parviflorus
4. Leaflets oblanceolate or elliptic-oblanceolate, narrow and often folded, surfaces gray or silver-pubescent; plants of dry open areas, foothills to mountains.
→ 8
8. Stem hairs descending in backward direction or widely spreading.
var. palmeri
8. Stem hairs forwardly appressed.
→ 9
9. Flowers large, (7–)8–15 mm.
→ 10
10. Basal and cauline leaves present at flowering.
var. montigenus
10. Basal leaves absent at flowering.
→ 11
11. Flowers (7–)8–12 mm.
var. argenteus
11. Flowers 12–15 mm.
var. moabensis
9. Flowers small, 5–7(–9) mm.
→ 12
12. Banners densely pubescent.
→ 40g
40g. Lupinus argenteus var. holosericeus.
→ 12
12. Banner glabrous or thinly strigulose abaxially.
→ 13
13. Wings 5.5–7 mm; banner usually thinly strigulose abaxially; Kai­bab Plateau, Arizona, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah; elevation 2000–2800 m.
var. hillii
13. Wings 5–6 mm; banner glabrous abaxially; Sierra Nevada, California, adjacent Nevada; elevation 1500–3500 m.
var. meionanthus
Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus
Sibling taxa
L. adsurgens, L. affinis, L. albicaulis, L. albifrons, L. andersonii, L. angustiflorus, L. antoninus, L. apertus, L. arboreus, L. arbustus, L. arcticus, L. argenteus, L. arizonicus, L. benthamii, L. bicolor, L. breweri, L. cervinus, L. chamissonis, L. citrinus, L. concinnus, L. constancei, L. covillei, L. croceus, L. dalesiae, L. diffusus, L. duranii, L. elatus, L. elmeri, L. excubitus, L. flavoculatus, L. formosus, L. fulcratus, L. gracilentus, L. grayi, L. guadalupensis, L. havardii, L. hirsutissimus, L. huachucanus, L. hyacinthinus, L. kingii, L. kuschei, L. lapidicola, L. latifolius, L. lepidus, L. leucophyllus, L. littoralis, L. longifolius, L. ludovicianus, L. luteolus, L. magnificus, L. malacophyllus, L. microcarpus, L. nanus, L. neomexicanus, L. nevadensis, L. nipomensis, L. nootkatensis, L. obtusilobus, L. odoratus, L. onustus, L. oreganus, L. pachylobus, L. padrecrowleyi, L. peirsonii, L. perennis, L. polyphyllus, L. pratensis, L. pusillus, L. rivularis, L. sabineanus, L. sericatus, L. sericeus, L. shockleyi, L. sierrae-blancae, L. sparsiflorus, L. spectabilis, L. stiversii, L. subcarnosus, L. succulentus, L. sulphureus, L. texensis, L. tidestromii, L. tracyi, L. truncatus, L. uncialis, L. villosus, L. westianus
L. adsurgens, L. affinis, L. albicaulis, L. albifrons, L. andersonii, L. angustiflorus, L. antoninus, L. apertus, L. arboreus, L. arbustus, L. arcticus, L. arizonicus, L. benthamii, L. bicolor, L. brevicaulis, L. breweri, L. cervinus, L. chamissonis, L. citrinus, L. concinnus, L. constancei, L. covillei, L. croceus, L. dalesiae, L. diffusus, L. duranii, L. elatus, L. elmeri, L. excubitus, L. flavoculatus, L. formosus, L. fulcratus, L. gracilentus, L. grayi, L. guadalupensis, L. havardii, L. hirsutissimus, L. huachucanus, L. hyacinthinus, L. kingii, L. kuschei, L. lapidicola, L. latifolius, L. lepidus, L. leucophyllus, L. littoralis, L. longifolius, L. ludovicianus, L. luteolus, L. magnificus, L. malacophyllus, L. microcarpus, L. nanus, L. neomexicanus, L. nevadensis, L. nipomensis, L. nootkatensis, L. obtusilobus, L. odoratus, L. onustus, L. oreganus, L. pachylobus, L. padrecrowleyi, L. peirsonii, L. perennis, L. polyphyllus, L. pratensis, L. pusillus, L. rivularis, L. sabineanus, L. sericatus, L. sericeus, L. shockleyi, L. sierrae-blancae, L. sparsiflorus, L. spectabilis, L. stiversii, L. subcarnosus, L. succulentus, L. sulphureus, L. texensis, L. tidestromii, L. tracyi, L. truncatus, L. uncialis, L. villosus, L. westianus
Subordinate taxa
L. argenteus var. argentatus, L. argenteus var. argenteus, L. argenteus var. argophyllus, L. argenteus var. fulvomaculatus, L. argenteus var. heteranthus, L. argenteus var. hillii, L. argenteus var. meionanthus, L. argenteus var. moabensis, L. argenteus var. montigenus, L. argenteus var. palmeri, L. argenteus var. parviflorus, L. argenteus var. rubricaulis, L. argenteus var. utahensis
Name authority S. Watson: Botany (Fortieth Parallel), 53, plate 7, figs. 1–4. (1871) Pursh: Fl. Amer. Sept. 2: 468. (1814)
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