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bicolor lupine, field lupine, Lindley's annual lupine, Lindley's lupine, lupine, miniature lupine, Montana lupine, small-flower lupine, two-color lupine, two-colour lupine

velvet lupine, white-leaf poison or velvet lupine, woolly-leaf lupine

Habit Herbs, annual, 0.5–4 dm, pubescent. Herbs, perennial, 4–9 dm, white-woolly and long-stiff-hairy.
Stems

ascending or erect, branched or unbranched.

erect, clustered, unbranched or branched.

Leaves

cauline;

petiole 1–7 cm;

leaflets 5–8, blades 10–40 × 1–5 mm, adaxial surface glabrous or sparsely pubescent.

cauline, some clustered at base;

stipules 6–15 mm;

petiole 3–20 cm;

leaflets 6–11, blades 30–90 × 6–19 mm, adaxial surface pubescent.

Racemes

4–20 cm;

flowers usually in fewer than 5 whorls, sometimes spirally arranged.

8–30 cm;

flowers dense, spiciform.

Peduncles

3–10 cm;

bracts deciduous, 4–6 mm.

2–8 cm;

bracts usually persistent, 3–12 mm.

Pedicels

1–3.5 mm.

stout, 1–2 mm.

Flowers

4–10 mm;

calyx abaxial lobe entire, 4–6 mm, adaxial lobe deeply cleft, 2–4 mm;

corolla usually blue, rarely light blue, pink, or white, banner spot white, becoming magenta, upper keel margins usually ciliate near apex, rarely glabrous, sometimes blunt, banner longer than wide.

10–13 mm;

calyx bulge or spur 0–1 mm, abaxial lobe entire, 3–8 mm, adaxial lobe 2-toothed, 3–6 mm;

corolla lavender or purple to yellowish, often turning brown, banner patch yellow to brown, banner not much reflexed-recurved beyond midpoint, this less than 3 mm proximal to apex, banner densely hairy abaxially, lower keel margins glabrous, adaxial margin ciliate throughout.

Legumes

1–3 × 0.3–0.6 cm, pubescent.

2–3.6 cm, hairy.

Cotyledons

deciduous, petiolate.

deciduous, petiolate.

Seeds

5–8.

3–6, mottled gray-tan.

2n

= 48.

= 24, 48.

Lupinus bicolor

Lupinus leucophyllus

Phenology Flowering late winter–spring (Mar–Jun). Flowering May–Aug.
Habitat Open or disturbed areas. Grassy hillsides, sagebrush flats, glades and meadows.
Elevation 0–1600 m. (0–5200 ft.) 500–2000 m. (1600–6600 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CA; OR; WA; BC; Mexico (Baja California, Baja California Sur, Sonora)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; CO; ID; MT; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Lupinus bicolor is naturalized in Arizona. The named subspecies and varieties do not conform to consistently recognizable geographical or morphological entities (D. B. Dunn 1955). Vigorous plants with larger flowers may be confused with L. nanus. In California, plants on the Outer North Coast Ranges may persist for two growing seasons. Lupinus bicolor (as L. polycarpus) has been reported from Alabama (A. R. Diamond 2016) and Michigan (E. G. Voss and A. A. Reznicek 2012).

Lupinus micranthus Douglas (1829, not Gussone 1828) is an illegitimate name that pertains here.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Lupinus leucophyllus is known from southern British Columbia southward to northern California and eastward to western Montana, western Wyoming, and northwestern Colorado. It is considered toxic, and can form very dense stands.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus
Sibling taxa
L. adsurgens, L. affinis, L. albicaulis, L. albifrons, L. andersonii, L. angustiflorus, L. antoninus, L. apertus, L. arboreus, L. arbustus, L. arcticus, L. argenteus, L. arizonicus, L. benthamii, L. brevicaulis, L. breweri, L. cervinus, L. chamissonis, L. citrinus, L. concinnus, L. constancei, L. covillei, L. croceus, L. dalesiae, L. diffusus, L. duranii, L. elatus, L. elmeri, L. excubitus, L. flavoculatus, L. formosus, L. fulcratus, L. gracilentus, L. grayi, L. guadalupensis, L. havardii, L. hirsutissimus, L. huachucanus, L. hyacinthinus, L. kingii, L. kuschei, L. lapidicola, L. latifolius, L. lepidus, L. leucophyllus, L. littoralis, L. longifolius, L. ludovicianus, L. luteolus, L. magnificus, L. malacophyllus, L. microcarpus, L. nanus, L. neomexicanus, L. nevadensis, L. nipomensis, L. nootkatensis, L. obtusilobus, L. odoratus, L. onustus, L. oreganus, L. pachylobus, L. padrecrowleyi, L. peirsonii, L. perennis, L. polyphyllus, L. pratensis, L. pusillus, L. rivularis, L. sabineanus, L. sericatus, L. sericeus, L. shockleyi, L. sierrae-blancae, L. sparsiflorus, L. spectabilis, L. stiversii, L. subcarnosus, L. succulentus, L. sulphureus, L. texensis, L. tidestromii, L. tracyi, L. truncatus, L. uncialis, L. villosus, L. westianus
L. adsurgens, L. affinis, L. albicaulis, L. albifrons, L. andersonii, L. angustiflorus, L. antoninus, L. apertus, L. arboreus, L. arbustus, L. arcticus, L. argenteus, L. arizonicus, L. benthamii, L. bicolor, L. brevicaulis, L. breweri, L. cervinus, L. chamissonis, L. citrinus, L. concinnus, L. constancei, L. covillei, L. croceus, L. dalesiae, L. diffusus, L. duranii, L. elatus, L. elmeri, L. excubitus, L. flavoculatus, L. formosus, L. fulcratus, L. gracilentus, L. grayi, L. guadalupensis, L. havardii, L. hirsutissimus, L. huachucanus, L. hyacinthinus, L. kingii, L. kuschei, L. lapidicola, L. latifolius, L. lepidus, L. littoralis, L. longifolius, L. ludovicianus, L. luteolus, L. magnificus, L. malacophyllus, L. microcarpus, L. nanus, L. neomexicanus, L. nevadensis, L. nipomensis, L. nootkatensis, L. obtusilobus, L. odoratus, L. onustus, L. oreganus, L. pachylobus, L. padrecrowleyi, L. peirsonii, L. perennis, L. polyphyllus, L. pratensis, L. pusillus, L. rivularis, L. sabineanus, L. sericatus, L. sericeus, L. shockleyi, L. sierrae-blancae, L. sparsiflorus, L. spectabilis, L. stiversii, L. subcarnosus, L. succulentus, L. sulphureus, L. texensis, L. tidestromii, L. tracyi, L. truncatus, L. uncialis, L. villosus, L. westianus
Synonyms L. bicolor subsp. marginatus, L. bicolor var. micranthus, L. bicolor subsp. microphyllus, L. bicolor var. microphyllus, L. bicolor subsp. pipersmithii, L. bicolor var. pipersmithii, L. bicolor var. rostratus, L. bicolor subsp. tridentatus, L. bicolor var. tridentatus, L. bicolor var. trifidus, L. bicolor subsp. umbellatus, L. bicolor var. umbellatus, L. congdonii, L. polycarpus L. canescens, L. canescens subsp. amblyophyllus, L. cyaneus, L. eatonianus, L. enodatus, L. erectus, L. falsoerectus, L. forslingii, L. holosericeus var. amblyophyllus, L. leucophyllus var. belliae, L. leucophyllus var. canescens, L. leucophyllus subsp. erectus, L. leucophyllus var. plumosus, L. leucophyllus var. retrorsus, L. leucophyllus var. tenuispicus, L. macrostachys, L. plumosus, L. retrorsus, L. tenuispicus
Name authority Lindley: Bot. Reg. 13: plate 1109. (1827) Douglas ex Lindley: Bot. Reg. 13: plate 1124. (1828)
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