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bicolor lupine, field lupine, Lindley's annual lupine, Lindley's lupine, lupine, miniature lupine, Montana lupine, small-flower lupine, two-color lupine, two-colour lupine

kusche's lupine, Yukon lupine

Habit Herbs, annual, 0.5–4 dm, pubescent. Herbs, perennial, 1.5–5(–6) dm, densely silky-sericeous.
Stems

ascending or erect, branched or unbranched.

decumbent to erect, few to several-tufted, unbranched or branched.

Leaves

cauline;

petiole 1–7 cm;

leaflets 5–8, blades 10–40 × 1–5 mm, adaxial surface glabrous or sparsely pubescent.

mostly basal with 3 or 4 cauline;

stipules not leaflike, green to silvery, 8–12 mm;

basal petioles 4–7 cm, proximal cauline petioles 3.5–15 cm, distal ones 2–3.5 cm;

leaflets 5–9, blades 15–70 × 3–8 mm, surfaces densely pubescent, adaxially less pubescent and greener.

Racemes

4–20 cm;

flowers usually in fewer than 5 whorls, sometimes spirally arranged.

3–10(–12) cm;

flowers in 3–6 whorls.

Peduncles

3–10 cm;

bracts deciduous, 4–6 mm.

2.5–7(–13) cm;

bracts subpersistent, 4–10 mm.

Pedicels

1–3.5 mm.

2–5(–7) mm.

Flowers

4–10 mm;

calyx abaxial lobe entire, 4–6 mm, adaxial lobe deeply cleft, 2–4 mm;

corolla usually blue, rarely light blue, pink, or white, banner spot white, becoming magenta, upper keel margins usually ciliate near apex, rarely glabrous, sometimes blunt, banner longer than wide.

10–13 mm;

calyx slightly gibbous adaxially near base, bulge or spur 0–1 mm, abaxial lobe 3-lobed, 5–7 mm, adaxial lobe 2-lobed, 4–6 mm;

corolla blue to purple, banner spot light yellow, banner with inconspicuous hairs abaxially, adaxial keel glabrous or with a few cilia along adaxial edges towards tip, keel upcurved.

Legumes

1–3 × 0.3–0.6 cm, pubescent.

1.5–3 cm, silky-pilose.

Cotyledons

deciduous, petiolate.

deciduous, petiolate.

Seeds

5–8.

4–6.

2n

= 48.

Lupinus bicolor

Lupinus kuschei

Phenology Flowering late winter–spring (Mar–Jun). Flowering Jun–Sep.
Habitat Open or disturbed areas. Mesic to dry, sandy, gravelly, or rocky openings, lodgepole pine forests, alpine pumice fields.
Elevation 0–1600 m. (0–5200 ft.) 80–2600 m. (300–8500 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CA; OR; WA; BC; Mexico (Baja California, Baja California Sur, Sonora)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AK; BC; YT
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Lupinus bicolor is naturalized in Arizona. The named subspecies and varieties do not conform to consistently recognizable geographical or morphological entities (D. B. Dunn 1955). Vigorous plants with larger flowers may be confused with L. nanus. In California, plants on the Outer North Coast Ranges may persist for two growing seasons. Lupinus bicolor (as L. polycarpus) has been reported from Alabama (A. R. Diamond 2016) and Michigan (E. G. Voss and A. A. Reznicek 2012).

Lupinus micranthus Douglas (1829, not Gussone 1828) is an illegitimate name that pertains here.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Lupinus kuschei is of conservation concern in Alaska; it is known from southern Alaska to northern British Columbia and the Yukon Territory.

Lupinus kuschei may prove to be a hybrid between L. arcticus and L. sericeus.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus
Sibling taxa
L. adsurgens, L. affinis, L. albicaulis, L. albifrons, L. andersonii, L. angustiflorus, L. antoninus, L. apertus, L. arboreus, L. arbustus, L. arcticus, L. argenteus, L. arizonicus, L. benthamii, L. brevicaulis, L. breweri, L. cervinus, L. chamissonis, L. citrinus, L. concinnus, L. constancei, L. covillei, L. croceus, L. dalesiae, L. diffusus, L. duranii, L. elatus, L. elmeri, L. excubitus, L. flavoculatus, L. formosus, L. fulcratus, L. gracilentus, L. grayi, L. guadalupensis, L. havardii, L. hirsutissimus, L. huachucanus, L. hyacinthinus, L. kingii, L. kuschei, L. lapidicola, L. latifolius, L. lepidus, L. leucophyllus, L. littoralis, L. longifolius, L. ludovicianus, L. luteolus, L. magnificus, L. malacophyllus, L. microcarpus, L. nanus, L. neomexicanus, L. nevadensis, L. nipomensis, L. nootkatensis, L. obtusilobus, L. odoratus, L. onustus, L. oreganus, L. pachylobus, L. padrecrowleyi, L. peirsonii, L. perennis, L. polyphyllus, L. pratensis, L. pusillus, L. rivularis, L. sabineanus, L. sericatus, L. sericeus, L. shockleyi, L. sierrae-blancae, L. sparsiflorus, L. spectabilis, L. stiversii, L. subcarnosus, L. succulentus, L. sulphureus, L. texensis, L. tidestromii, L. tracyi, L. truncatus, L. uncialis, L. villosus, L. westianus
L. adsurgens, L. affinis, L. albicaulis, L. albifrons, L. andersonii, L. angustiflorus, L. antoninus, L. apertus, L. arboreus, L. arbustus, L. arcticus, L. argenteus, L. arizonicus, L. benthamii, L. bicolor, L. brevicaulis, L. breweri, L. cervinus, L. chamissonis, L. citrinus, L. concinnus, L. constancei, L. covillei, L. croceus, L. dalesiae, L. diffusus, L. duranii, L. elatus, L. elmeri, L. excubitus, L. flavoculatus, L. formosus, L. fulcratus, L. gracilentus, L. grayi, L. guadalupensis, L. havardii, L. hirsutissimus, L. huachucanus, L. hyacinthinus, L. kingii, L. lapidicola, L. latifolius, L. lepidus, L. leucophyllus, L. littoralis, L. longifolius, L. ludovicianus, L. luteolus, L. magnificus, L. malacophyllus, L. microcarpus, L. nanus, L. neomexicanus, L. nevadensis, L. nipomensis, L. nootkatensis, L. obtusilobus, L. odoratus, L. onustus, L. oreganus, L. pachylobus, L. padrecrowleyi, L. peirsonii, L. perennis, L. polyphyllus, L. pratensis, L. pusillus, L. rivularis, L. sabineanus, L. sericatus, L. sericeus, L. shockleyi, L. sierrae-blancae, L. sparsiflorus, L. spectabilis, L. stiversii, L. subcarnosus, L. succulentus, L. sulphureus, L. texensis, L. tidestromii, L. tracyi, L. truncatus, L. uncialis, L. villosus, L. westianus
Synonyms L. bicolor subsp. marginatus, L. bicolor var. micranthus, L. bicolor subsp. microphyllus, L. bicolor var. microphyllus, L. bicolor subsp. pipersmithii, L. bicolor var. pipersmithii, L. bicolor var. rostratus, L. bicolor subsp. tridentatus, L. bicolor var. tridentatus, L. bicolor var. trifidus, L. bicolor subsp. umbellatus, L. bicolor var. umbellatus, L. congdonii, L. polycarpus L. jacobandersonii, L. porsildianus, L. sericeus var. kuschei
Name authority Lindley: Bot. Reg. 13: plate 1109. (1827) Eastwood: Leafl. W. Bot. 3: 170. (1942)
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