Lupinus arbustus |
Lupinus sulphureus |
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grassland lupine (ssp. neolaxiflorus), long-spur lupine, Montana lupine (ssp. pseudoparviflorus), spur lupine |
Kincaid's lupine, sulfur lupine, sulphur lupine |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, 2–7 dm, green or gray-silky. | Herbs, perennial, (3–)4–8(–10) dm, hairs stiff to silky-appressed, whitish, grayish, or brownish. | ||||
Stems | erect, ascending, or decumbent, branched. |
erect, densely tufted, unbranched distally. |
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Leaves | cauline and basal; stipules 4–9 mm; petiole 2–16 cm; leaflets 7–10(–13), blades 20–70 × 3–15 mm, adaxial surface strigose. |
basal and cauline, persisting until after flowering; stipules 4–8 mm; proximal petioles 4–20 cm, distal ones 1.5–5 cm; leaflets 6–15, blades white to greenish, (20–)25–70 × 4–10 mm, abaxial surface hairy-strigulose or sericeous, adaxial surface strigulose-silky to sparsely hairy or glabrous. |
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Racemes | open, 3–18 cm; flowers whorled. |
6–20 cm; flowers whorled or spirally arranged. |
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Peduncles | 2–5 cm; bracts deciduous, 3–6 mm. |
2.5–6 cm; bracts tardily deciduous, 5–9 mm. |
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Pedicels | 1–7 mm. |
(2–)4–10 mm. |
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Flowers | 8–14 mm; calyx spur distinct, 1–3 mm, abaxial lobe 3-toothed, 2.5–5 mm, 1–3 mm, adaxial lobe 2-toothed, 2–4 mm; corolla blue, purple, pink, white, or yellowish, banner patch white, yellowish, or absent, banner hairy abaxially, wings with dense hair patch outside near tip, lower keel margins glabrous, adaxial margin ciliate. |
8–12 mm; calyx asymmetrical but not spurred, silky, abaxial lobe entire, 4–7 mm, adaxial lobe 2-fid, 3–5 mm; corolla pale sulfur yellow, blue, or white, banner glabrous or sparsely hairy abaxially (pubescence extending above calyx as a line), upper keel margins usually ciliate most of length, sometimes glabrous. |
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Legumes | 2–3 cm, silky. |
2–3 cm, pilose to silky. |
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Cotyledons | deciduous, petiolate. |
deciduous, petiolate. |
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Seeds | 3–6, tan, 5–6 mm. |
4 or 5, pinkish brown. |
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Lupinus arbustus |
Lupinus sulphureus |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Jul. | |||||
Habitat | Open sagebrush scrub or mixed-conifer forests. | |||||
Elevation | 1500–3000 m. [4900–9800 ft.] | |||||
Distribution |
CA; ID; MT; OR; UT; WA; BC
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w North America
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Discussion | Lupinus arbustus is known from the Cascade and Klamath ranges, San Gabriel Mountains, Sierra Nevada, and the Great Basin area in California; Owyhee Desert in Idaho and Oregon; eastern Washington and western Montana; and western Juab and Tooele counties, Utah. Lupinus arbustus is separated from the argenteus group by the presence of hairs on the corolla wings. Recognition of subspecies and varieties of this already complex species leads to precarious separation among taxa. Lupinus variegatus A. Heller (1912, not Poiret 1814) is an illegitimate name that pertains here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. | ||||
Parent taxa | ||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | L. arbustus subsp. calcaratus, L. arbustus var. montanus, L. arbustus subsp. neolaxiflorus, L. arbustus subsp. pseudoparviflorus, L. arbustus subsp. silvicola, L. caesius, L. caudatus var. submanens, L. caudatus var. subtenellus, L. elegantulus, L. inyoensis var. demissus, L. laxiflorus var. calcaratus, L. laxiflorus var. cognatus, L. laxiflorus var. elmerianus, L. laxiflorus var. lyleianus, L. laxiflorus var. pseudoparviflorus, L. laxiflorus var. silvicola, L. laxiflorus var. villosulus, L. lyleianus, L. mucronulatus var. umatillensis, L. multitinctus, L. noldekeae, L. proteanus, L. pseudoparviflorus, L. silvicola, L. wenatchensis, L. yakimensis | |||||
Name authority | Douglas: Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 15: plate 1230. (1829) | Douglas in W. J. Hooker: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 166. (1832) | ||||
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