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Lupinus arbustus

grassland lupine (ssp. neolaxiflorus), long-spur lupine, Montana lupine (ssp. pseudoparviflorus), spur lupine

Kincaid's lupine, Oregon lupine

Habit Herbs, perennial, 2–7 dm, green or gray-silky. Herbs, perennial, 3–10 dm, appressed-silky, green but sometimes hair is tawny; rhizomatous.
Stems

erect, ascending, or decumbent, branched.

erect, usually unbranched.

Leaves

cauline and basal;

stipules 4–9 mm;

petiole 2–16 cm;

leaflets 7–10(–13), blades 20–70 × 3–15 mm, adaxial surface strigose.

cauline (few and large) and basal (persistent until after anthesis);

stipules 11 mm;

petiole 5–20 cm;

leaflets (7–)9–11(or 12), blades 20–50(–80) × 5–12 mm, abaxial surface with long, appressed hairs, especially on margins and veins, adaxial surface usually glabrous.

Racemes

open, 3–18 cm;

flowers whorled.

loose, 11–40 cm;

flowers spirally arranged or whorled.

Peduncles

2–5 cm;

bracts deciduous, 3–6 mm.

11–18 cm;

bracts deciduous, 5 mm.

Pedicels

1–7 mm.

5–12 mm.

Flowers

8–14 mm;

calyx spur distinct, 1–3 mm, abaxial lobe 3-toothed, 2.5–5 mm, 1–3 mm, adaxial lobe 2-toothed, 2–4 mm;

corolla blue, purple, pink, white, or yellowish, banner patch white, yellowish, or absent, banner hairy abaxially, wings with dense hair patch outside near tip, lower keel margins glabrous, adaxial margin ciliate.

fragrant, 8–13 mm;

calyx bulge or spur 0–1 mm, abaxial lobe entire, 6 mm, adaxial lobe notched, 4–6 mm;

corolla blue to purple, yellowish, or creamy white, banner distinctly ruffled, markedly concave on lateral face, banner glabrous or sparsely pubescent abaxially, wings glabrous, keel curved upward, lower keel margins glabrous, adaxial margin glabrous.

Legumes

2–3 cm, silky.

2–3 cm, glabrous.

Cotyledons

deciduous, petiolate.

deciduous, petiolate.

Seeds

3–6, tan, 5–6 mm.

4 or 5.

2n

= 48.

Lupinus arbustus

Lupinus oreganus

Phenology Flowering May–Jul. Flowering Apr–Jun.
Habitat Open sagebrush scrub or mixed-conifer forests. Dry hills, open ground, rocky, well-drained soils, sometimes serpentine, upland prairies, ecotones between grasslands and forests.
Elevation 1500–3000 m. [4900–9800 ft.] 70–900 m. [230–3000 ft.]
Distribution
from FNA
CA; ID; MT; OR; UT; WA; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
OR; WA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Lupinus arbustus is known from the Cascade and Klamath ranges, San Gabriel Mountains, Sierra Nevada, and the Great Basin area in California; Owyhee Desert in Idaho and Oregon; eastern Washington and western Montana; and western Juab and Tooele counties, Utah.

Lupinus arbustus is separated from the argenteus group by the presence of hairs on the corolla wings. Recognition of subspecies and varieties of this already complex species leads to precarious separation among taxa.

Lupinus variegatus A. Heller (1912, not Poiret 1814) is an illegitimate name that pertains here.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Lupinus oreganus is known from west of the Cascades from Douglas County, Oregon, northward to Lewis County in Washington. Historically, it was found in British Columbia in Victoria on Vancouver Island but has not been seen there since the 1920s and is now considered extirpated there.

Lupinus oreganus is a food plant for Fender’s Blue Butterfly, listed by ESA as endangered. Lupinus oreganus (as var. kincaidii) is listed as endangered in Washington. It is also listed as extirpated by the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada and the Species at Risk Act.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus
Sibling taxa
L. adsurgens, L. affinis, L. albicaulis, L. albifrons, L. andersonii, L. angustiflorus, L. antoninus, L. apertus, L. arboreus, L. arcticus, L. argenteus, L. arizonicus, L. benthamii, L. bicolor, L. brevicaulis, L. breweri, L. cervinus, L. chamissonis, L. citrinus, L. concinnus, L. constancei, L. covillei, L. croceus, L. dalesiae, L. diffusus, L. duranii, L. elatus, L. elmeri, L. excubitus, L. flavoculatus, L. formosus, L. fulcratus, L. gracilentus, L. grayi, L. guadalupensis, L. havardii, L. hirsutissimus, L. huachucanus, L. hyacinthinus, L. kingii, L. kuschei, L. lapidicola, L. latifolius, L. lepidus, L. leucophyllus, L. littoralis, L. longifolius, L. ludovicianus, L. luteolus, L. magnificus, L. malacophyllus, L. microcarpus, L. nanus, L. neomexicanus, L. nevadensis, L. nipomensis, L. nootkatensis, L. obtusilobus, L. odoratus, L. onustus, L. oreganus, L. pachylobus, L. padrecrowleyi, L. peirsonii, L. perennis, L. polyphyllus, L. pratensis, L. pusillus, L. rivularis, L. sabineanus, L. sericatus, L. sericeus, L. shockleyi, L. sierrae-blancae, L. sparsiflorus, L. spectabilis, L. stiversii, L. subcarnosus, L. succulentus, L. sulphureus, L. texensis, L. tidestromii, L. tracyi, L. truncatus, L. uncialis, L. villosus, L. westianus
L. adsurgens, L. affinis, L. albicaulis, L. albifrons, L. andersonii, L. angustiflorus, L. antoninus, L. apertus, L. arboreus, L. arbustus, L. arcticus, L. argenteus, L. arizonicus, L. benthamii, L. bicolor, L. brevicaulis, L. breweri, L. cervinus, L. chamissonis, L. citrinus, L. concinnus, L. constancei, L. covillei, L. croceus, L. dalesiae, L. diffusus, L. duranii, L. elatus, L. elmeri, L. excubitus, L. flavoculatus, L. formosus, L. fulcratus, L. gracilentus, L. grayi, L. guadalupensis, L. havardii, L. hirsutissimus, L. huachucanus, L. hyacinthinus, L. kingii, L. kuschei, L. lapidicola, L. latifolius, L. lepidus, L. leucophyllus, L. littoralis, L. longifolius, L. ludovicianus, L. luteolus, L. magnificus, L. malacophyllus, L. microcarpus, L. nanus, L. neomexicanus, L. nevadensis, L. nipomensis, L. nootkatensis, L. obtusilobus, L. odoratus, L. onustus, L. pachylobus, L. padrecrowleyi, L. peirsonii, L. perennis, L. polyphyllus, L. pratensis, L. pusillus, L. rivularis, L. sabineanus, L. sericatus, L. sericeus, L. shockleyi, L. sierrae-blancae, L. sparsiflorus, L. spectabilis, L. stiversii, L. subcarnosus, L. succulentus, L. sulphureus, L. texensis, L. tidestromii, L. tracyi, L. truncatus, L. uncialis, L. villosus, L. westianus
Synonyms L. arbustus subsp. calcaratus, L. arbustus var. montanus, L. arbustus subsp. neolaxiflorus, L. arbustus subsp. pseudoparviflorus, L. arbustus subsp. silvicola, L. caesius, L. caudatus var. submanens, L. caudatus var. subtenellus, L. elegantulus, L. inyoensis var. demissus, L. laxiflorus var. calcaratus, L. laxiflorus var. cognatus, L. laxiflorus var. elmerianus, L. laxiflorus var. lyleianus, L. laxiflorus var. pseudoparviflorus, L. laxiflorus var. silvicola, L. laxiflorus var. villosulus, L. lyleianus, L. mucronulatus var. umatillensis, L. multitinctus, L. noldekeae, L. proteanus, L. pseudoparviflorus, L. silvicola, L. wenatchensis, L. yakimensis L. oreganus var. kincaidii, L. sulphureus var. kincaidii
Name authority Douglas: Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 15: plate 1230. (1829) A. Heller: Muhlenbergia 7: 89, fig. 14. (1911)
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