The green links below add additional plants to the comparison table. Blue links lead to other Web sites.
enable glossary links
Lupinus arbustus

grassland lupine (ssp. neolaxiflorus), long-spur lupine, Montana lupine (ssp. pseudoparviflorus), spur lupine

velvet lupine, white-leaf poison or velvet lupine, woolly-leaf lupine

Habit Herbs, perennial, 2–7 dm, green or gray-silky. Herbs, perennial, 4–9 dm, white-woolly and long-stiff-hairy.
Stems

erect, ascending, or decumbent, branched.

erect, clustered, unbranched or branched.

Leaves

cauline and basal;

stipules 4–9 mm;

petiole 2–16 cm;

leaflets 7–10(–13), blades 20–70 × 3–15 mm, adaxial surface strigose.

cauline, some clustered at base;

stipules 6–15 mm;

petiole 3–20 cm;

leaflets 6–11, blades 30–90 × 6–19 mm, adaxial surface pubescent.

Racemes

open, 3–18 cm;

flowers whorled.

8–30 cm;

flowers dense, spiciform.

Peduncles

2–5 cm;

bracts deciduous, 3–6 mm.

2–8 cm;

bracts usually persistent, 3–12 mm.

Pedicels

1–7 mm.

stout, 1–2 mm.

Flowers

8–14 mm;

calyx spur distinct, 1–3 mm, abaxial lobe 3-toothed, 2.5–5 mm, 1–3 mm, adaxial lobe 2-toothed, 2–4 mm;

corolla blue, purple, pink, white, or yellowish, banner patch white, yellowish, or absent, banner hairy abaxially, wings with dense hair patch outside near tip, lower keel margins glabrous, adaxial margin ciliate.

10–13 mm;

calyx bulge or spur 0–1 mm, abaxial lobe entire, 3–8 mm, adaxial lobe 2-toothed, 3–6 mm;

corolla lavender or purple to yellowish, often turning brown, banner patch yellow to brown, banner not much reflexed-recurved beyond midpoint, this less than 3 mm proximal to apex, banner densely hairy abaxially, lower keel margins glabrous, adaxial margin ciliate throughout.

Legumes

2–3 cm, silky.

2–3.6 cm, hairy.

Cotyledons

deciduous, petiolate.

deciduous, petiolate.

Seeds

3–6, tan, 5–6 mm.

3–6, mottled gray-tan.

2n

= 24, 48.

Lupinus arbustus

Lupinus leucophyllus

Phenology Flowering May–Jul. Flowering May–Aug.
Habitat Open sagebrush scrub or mixed-conifer forests. Grassy hillsides, sagebrush flats, glades and meadows.
Elevation 1500–3000 m. [4900–9800 ft.] 500–2000 m. [1600–6600 ft.]
Distribution
from FNA
CA; ID; MT; OR; UT; WA; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; CO; ID; MT; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Lupinus arbustus is known from the Cascade and Klamath ranges, San Gabriel Mountains, Sierra Nevada, and the Great Basin area in California; Owyhee Desert in Idaho and Oregon; eastern Washington and western Montana; and western Juab and Tooele counties, Utah.

Lupinus arbustus is separated from the argenteus group by the presence of hairs on the corolla wings. Recognition of subspecies and varieties of this already complex species leads to precarious separation among taxa.

Lupinus variegatus A. Heller (1912, not Poiret 1814) is an illegitimate name that pertains here.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Lupinus leucophyllus is known from southern British Columbia southward to northern California and eastward to western Montana, western Wyoming, and northwestern Colorado. It is considered toxic, and can form very dense stands.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus
Sibling taxa
L. adsurgens, L. affinis, L. albicaulis, L. albifrons, L. andersonii, L. angustiflorus, L. antoninus, L. apertus, L. arboreus, L. arcticus, L. argenteus, L. arizonicus, L. benthamii, L. bicolor, L. brevicaulis, L. breweri, L. cervinus, L. chamissonis, L. citrinus, L. concinnus, L. constancei, L. covillei, L. croceus, L. dalesiae, L. diffusus, L. duranii, L. elatus, L. elmeri, L. excubitus, L. flavoculatus, L. formosus, L. fulcratus, L. gracilentus, L. grayi, L. guadalupensis, L. havardii, L. hirsutissimus, L. huachucanus, L. hyacinthinus, L. kingii, L. kuschei, L. lapidicola, L. latifolius, L. lepidus, L. leucophyllus, L. littoralis, L. longifolius, L. ludovicianus, L. luteolus, L. magnificus, L. malacophyllus, L. microcarpus, L. nanus, L. neomexicanus, L. nevadensis, L. nipomensis, L. nootkatensis, L. obtusilobus, L. odoratus, L. onustus, L. oreganus, L. pachylobus, L. padrecrowleyi, L. peirsonii, L. perennis, L. polyphyllus, L. pratensis, L. pusillus, L. rivularis, L. sabineanus, L. sericatus, L. sericeus, L. shockleyi, L. sierrae-blancae, L. sparsiflorus, L. spectabilis, L. stiversii, L. subcarnosus, L. succulentus, L. sulphureus, L. texensis, L. tidestromii, L. tracyi, L. truncatus, L. uncialis, L. villosus, L. westianus
L. adsurgens, L. affinis, L. albicaulis, L. albifrons, L. andersonii, L. angustiflorus, L. antoninus, L. apertus, L. arboreus, L. arbustus, L. arcticus, L. argenteus, L. arizonicus, L. benthamii, L. bicolor, L. brevicaulis, L. breweri, L. cervinus, L. chamissonis, L. citrinus, L. concinnus, L. constancei, L. covillei, L. croceus, L. dalesiae, L. diffusus, L. duranii, L. elatus, L. elmeri, L. excubitus, L. flavoculatus, L. formosus, L. fulcratus, L. gracilentus, L. grayi, L. guadalupensis, L. havardii, L. hirsutissimus, L. huachucanus, L. hyacinthinus, L. kingii, L. kuschei, L. lapidicola, L. latifolius, L. lepidus, L. littoralis, L. longifolius, L. ludovicianus, L. luteolus, L. magnificus, L. malacophyllus, L. microcarpus, L. nanus, L. neomexicanus, L. nevadensis, L. nipomensis, L. nootkatensis, L. obtusilobus, L. odoratus, L. onustus, L. oreganus, L. pachylobus, L. padrecrowleyi, L. peirsonii, L. perennis, L. polyphyllus, L. pratensis, L. pusillus, L. rivularis, L. sabineanus, L. sericatus, L. sericeus, L. shockleyi, L. sierrae-blancae, L. sparsiflorus, L. spectabilis, L. stiversii, L. subcarnosus, L. succulentus, L. sulphureus, L. texensis, L. tidestromii, L. tracyi, L. truncatus, L. uncialis, L. villosus, L. westianus
Synonyms L. arbustus subsp. calcaratus, L. arbustus var. montanus, L. arbustus subsp. neolaxiflorus, L. arbustus subsp. pseudoparviflorus, L. arbustus subsp. silvicola, L. caesius, L. caudatus var. submanens, L. caudatus var. subtenellus, L. elegantulus, L. inyoensis var. demissus, L. laxiflorus var. calcaratus, L. laxiflorus var. cognatus, L. laxiflorus var. elmerianus, L. laxiflorus var. lyleianus, L. laxiflorus var. pseudoparviflorus, L. laxiflorus var. silvicola, L. laxiflorus var. villosulus, L. lyleianus, L. mucronulatus var. umatillensis, L. multitinctus, L. noldekeae, L. proteanus, L. pseudoparviflorus, L. silvicola, L. wenatchensis, L. yakimensis L. canescens, L. canescens subsp. amblyophyllus, L. cyaneus, L. eatonianus, L. enodatus, L. erectus, L. falsoerectus, L. forslingii, L. holosericeus var. amblyophyllus, L. leucophyllus var. belliae, L. leucophyllus var. canescens, L. leucophyllus subsp. erectus, L. leucophyllus var. plumosus, L. leucophyllus var. retrorsus, L. leucophyllus var. tenuispicus, L. macrostachys, L. plumosus, L. retrorsus, L. tenuispicus
Name authority Douglas: Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 15: plate 1230. (1829) Douglas ex Lindley: Bot. Reg. 13: plate 1124. (1828)
Web links