Lupinus arbustus |
Lupinus leucophyllus |
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grassland lupine (ssp. neolaxiflorus), long-spur lupine, Montana lupine (ssp. pseudoparviflorus), spur lupine |
velvet lupine, white-leaf poison or velvet lupine, woolly-leaf lupine |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, 2–7 dm, green or gray-silky. | Herbs, perennial, 4–9 dm, white-woolly and long-stiff-hairy. |
Stems | erect, ascending, or decumbent, branched. |
erect, clustered, unbranched or branched. |
Leaves | cauline and basal; stipules 4–9 mm; petiole 2–16 cm; leaflets 7–10(–13), blades 20–70 × 3–15 mm, adaxial surface strigose. |
cauline, some clustered at base; stipules 6–15 mm; petiole 3–20 cm; leaflets 6–11, blades 30–90 × 6–19 mm, adaxial surface pubescent. |
Racemes | open, 3–18 cm; flowers whorled. |
8–30 cm; flowers dense, spiciform. |
Peduncles | 2–5 cm; bracts deciduous, 3–6 mm. |
2–8 cm; bracts usually persistent, 3–12 mm. |
Pedicels | 1–7 mm. |
stout, 1–2 mm. |
Flowers | 8–14 mm; calyx spur distinct, 1–3 mm, abaxial lobe 3-toothed, 2.5–5 mm, 1–3 mm, adaxial lobe 2-toothed, 2–4 mm; corolla blue, purple, pink, white, or yellowish, banner patch white, yellowish, or absent, banner hairy abaxially, wings with dense hair patch outside near tip, lower keel margins glabrous, adaxial margin ciliate. |
10–13 mm; calyx bulge or spur 0–1 mm, abaxial lobe entire, 3–8 mm, adaxial lobe 2-toothed, 3–6 mm; corolla lavender or purple to yellowish, often turning brown, banner patch yellow to brown, banner not much reflexed-recurved beyond midpoint, this less than 3 mm proximal to apex, banner densely hairy abaxially, lower keel margins glabrous, adaxial margin ciliate throughout. |
Legumes | 2–3 cm, silky. |
2–3.6 cm, hairy. |
Cotyledons | deciduous, petiolate. |
deciduous, petiolate. |
Seeds | 3–6, tan, 5–6 mm. |
3–6, mottled gray-tan. |
2n | = 24, 48. |
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Lupinus arbustus |
Lupinus leucophyllus |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Jul. | Flowering May–Aug. |
Habitat | Open sagebrush scrub or mixed-conifer forests. | Grassy hillsides, sagebrush flats, glades and meadows. |
Elevation | 1500–3000 m. [4900–9800 ft.] | 500–2000 m. [1600–6600 ft.] |
Distribution |
CA; ID; MT; OR; UT; WA; BC
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CA; CO; ID; MT; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; BC
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Discussion | Lupinus arbustus is known from the Cascade and Klamath ranges, San Gabriel Mountains, Sierra Nevada, and the Great Basin area in California; Owyhee Desert in Idaho and Oregon; eastern Washington and western Montana; and western Juab and Tooele counties, Utah. Lupinus arbustus is separated from the argenteus group by the presence of hairs on the corolla wings. Recognition of subspecies and varieties of this already complex species leads to precarious separation among taxa. Lupinus variegatus A. Heller (1912, not Poiret 1814) is an illegitimate name that pertains here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Lupinus leucophyllus is known from southern British Columbia southward to northern California and eastward to western Montana, western Wyoming, and northwestern Colorado. It is considered toxic, and can form very dense stands. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | L. arbustus subsp. calcaratus, L. arbustus var. montanus, L. arbustus subsp. neolaxiflorus, L. arbustus subsp. pseudoparviflorus, L. arbustus subsp. silvicola, L. caesius, L. caudatus var. submanens, L. caudatus var. subtenellus, L. elegantulus, L. inyoensis var. demissus, L. laxiflorus var. calcaratus, L. laxiflorus var. cognatus, L. laxiflorus var. elmerianus, L. laxiflorus var. lyleianus, L. laxiflorus var. pseudoparviflorus, L. laxiflorus var. silvicola, L. laxiflorus var. villosulus, L. lyleianus, L. mucronulatus var. umatillensis, L. multitinctus, L. noldekeae, L. proteanus, L. pseudoparviflorus, L. silvicola, L. wenatchensis, L. yakimensis | L. canescens, L. canescens subsp. amblyophyllus, L. cyaneus, L. eatonianus, L. enodatus, L. erectus, L. falsoerectus, L. forslingii, L. holosericeus var. amblyophyllus, L. leucophyllus var. belliae, L. leucophyllus var. canescens, L. leucophyllus subsp. erectus, L. leucophyllus var. plumosus, L. leucophyllus var. retrorsus, L. leucophyllus var. tenuispicus, L. macrostachys, L. plumosus, L. retrorsus, L. tenuispicus |
Name authority | Douglas: Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 15: plate 1230. (1829) | Douglas ex Lindley: Bot. Reg. 13: plate 1124. (1828) |
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