Flora of North America species comparison

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Lupinus arbustus

Lupinus bicolor
Lupinus arbustus

grassland lupine (ssp. neolaxiflorus), long-spur lupine, Montana lupine (ssp. pseudoparviflorus), spur lupine

bicolor lupine, field lupine, Lindley's annual lupine, Lindley's lupine, lupine, miniature lupine, Montana lupine, small-flower lupine, two-color lupine, two-colour lupine
Habit Herbs, perennial, 2–7 dm, green or gray-silky. Herbs, annual, 0.5–4 dm, pubescent.
Stems

erect, ascending, or decumbent, branched.

ascending or erect, branched or unbranched.
Leaves

cauline and basal;

stipules 4–9 mm;

petiole 2–16 cm;

leaflets 7–10(–13), blades 20–70 × 3–15 mm, adaxial surface strigose.

cauline;

petiole 1–7 cm;

leaflets 5–8, blades 10–40 × 1–5 mm, adaxial surface glabrous or sparsely pubescent.
Racemes

open, 3–18 cm;

flowers whorled.

4–20 cm;

flowers usually in fewer than 5 whorls, sometimes spirally arranged.
Peduncles

2–5 cm;

bracts deciduous, 3–6 mm.

3–10 cm;

bracts deciduous, 4–6 mm.
Pedicels

1–7 mm.

1–3.5 mm.
Flowers

8–14 mm;

calyx spur distinct, 1–3 mm, abaxial lobe 3-toothed, 2.5–5 mm, 1–3 mm, adaxial lobe 2-toothed, 2–4 mm;

corolla blue, purple, pink, white, or yellowish, banner patch white, yellowish, or absent, banner hairy abaxially, wings with dense hair patch outside near tip, lower keel margins glabrous, adaxial margin ciliate.

4–10 mm;

calyx abaxial lobe entire, 4–6 mm, adaxial lobe deeply cleft, 2–4 mm;

corolla usually blue, rarely light blue, pink, or white, banner spot white, becoming magenta, upper keel margins usually ciliate near apex, rarely glabrous, sometimes blunt, banner longer than wide.
Legumes

2–3 cm, silky.

1–3 × 0.3–0.6 cm, pubescent.
Cotyledons

deciduous, petiolate.

deciduous, petiolate.
Seeds

3–6, tan, 5–6 mm.

5–8.
2n

= 48.

Lupinus arbustus

Lupinus bicolor
Phenology Flowering May–Jul. Flowering late winter–spring (Mar–Jun).
Habitat Open sagebrush scrub or mixed-conifer forests. Open or disturbed areas.
Elevation 1500–3000 m. (4900–9800 ft.) 0–1600 m. (0–5200 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; ID; MT; OR; UT; WA; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; CA; OR; WA; BC; Mexico (Baja California, Baja California Sur, Sonora)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Lupinus arbustus is known from the Cascade and Klamath ranges, San Gabriel Mountains, Sierra Nevada, and the Great Basin area in California; Owyhee Desert in Idaho and Oregon; eastern Washington and western Montana; and western Juab and Tooele counties, Utah.

Lupinus arbustus is separated from the argenteus group by the presence of hairs on the corolla wings. Recognition of subspecies and varieties of this already complex species leads to precarious separation among taxa.

Lupinus variegatus A. Heller (1912, not Poiret 1814) is an illegitimate name that pertains here.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Lupinus bicolor is naturalized in Arizona. The named subspecies and varieties do not conform to consistently recognizable geographical or morphological entities (D. B. Dunn 1955). Vigorous plants with larger flowers may be confused with L. nanus. In California, plants on the Outer North Coast Ranges may persist for two growing seasons. Lupinus bicolor (as L. polycarpus) has been reported from Alabama (A. R. Diamond 2016) and Michigan (E. G. Voss and A. A. Reznicek 2012).

Lupinus micranthus Douglas (1829, not Gussone 1828) is an illegitimate name that pertains here.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus
Sibling taxa
L. adsurgens, L. affinis, L. albicaulis, L. albifrons, L. andersonii, L. angustiflorus, L. antoninus, L. apertus, L. arboreus, L. arcticus, L. argenteus, L. arizonicus, L. benthamii, L. bicolor, L. brevicaulis, L. breweri, L. cervinus, L. chamissonis, L. citrinus, L. concinnus, L. constancei, L. covillei, L. croceus, L. dalesiae, L. diffusus, L. duranii, L. elatus, L. elmeri, L. excubitus, L. flavoculatus, L. formosus, L. fulcratus, L. gracilentus, L. grayi, L. guadalupensis, L. havardii, L. hirsutissimus, L. huachucanus, L. hyacinthinus, L. kingii, L. kuschei, L. lapidicola, L. latifolius, L. lepidus, L. leucophyllus, L. littoralis, L. longifolius, L. ludovicianus, L. luteolus, L. magnificus, L. malacophyllus, L. microcarpus, L. nanus, L. neomexicanus, L. nevadensis, L. nipomensis, L. nootkatensis, L. obtusilobus, L. odoratus, L. onustus, L. oreganus, L. pachylobus, L. padrecrowleyi, L. peirsonii, L. perennis, L. polyphyllus, L. pratensis, L. pusillus, L. rivularis, L. sabineanus, L. sericatus, L. sericeus, L. shockleyi, L. sierrae-blancae, L. sparsiflorus, L. spectabilis, L. stiversii, L. subcarnosus, L. succulentus, L. sulphureus, L. texensis, L. tidestromii, L. tracyi, L. truncatus, L. uncialis, L. villosus, L. westianus
L. adsurgens, L. affinis, L. albicaulis, L. albifrons, L. andersonii, L. angustiflorus, L. antoninus, L. apertus, L. arboreus, L. arbustus, L. arcticus, L. argenteus, L. arizonicus, L. benthamii, L. brevicaulis, L. breweri, L. cervinus, L. chamissonis, L. citrinus, L. concinnus, L. constancei, L. covillei, L. croceus, L. dalesiae, L. diffusus, L. duranii, L. elatus, L. elmeri, L. excubitus, L. flavoculatus, L. formosus, L. fulcratus, L. gracilentus, L. grayi, L. guadalupensis, L. havardii, L. hirsutissimus, L. huachucanus, L. hyacinthinus, L. kingii, L. kuschei, L. lapidicola, L. latifolius, L. lepidus, L. leucophyllus, L. littoralis, L. longifolius, L. ludovicianus, L. luteolus, L. magnificus, L. malacophyllus, L. microcarpus, L. nanus, L. neomexicanus, L. nevadensis, L. nipomensis, L. nootkatensis, L. obtusilobus, L. odoratus, L. onustus, L. oreganus, L. pachylobus, L. padrecrowleyi, L. peirsonii, L. perennis, L. polyphyllus, L. pratensis, L. pusillus, L. rivularis, L. sabineanus, L. sericatus, L. sericeus, L. shockleyi, L. sierrae-blancae, L. sparsiflorus, L. spectabilis, L. stiversii, L. subcarnosus, L. succulentus, L. sulphureus, L. texensis, L. tidestromii, L. tracyi, L. truncatus, L. uncialis, L. villosus, L. westianus
Synonyms L. arbustus subsp. calcaratus, L. arbustus var. montanus, L. arbustus subsp. neolaxiflorus, L. arbustus subsp. pseudoparviflorus, L. arbustus subsp. silvicola, L. caesius, L. caudatus var. submanens, L. caudatus var. subtenellus, L. elegantulus, L. inyoensis var. demissus, L. laxiflorus var. calcaratus, L. laxiflorus var. cognatus, L. laxiflorus var. elmerianus, L. laxiflorus var. lyleianus, L. laxiflorus var. pseudoparviflorus, L. laxiflorus var. silvicola, L. laxiflorus var. villosulus, L. lyleianus, L. mucronulatus var. umatillensis, L. multitinctus, L. noldekeae, L. proteanus, L. pseudoparviflorus, L. silvicola, L. wenatchensis, L. yakimensis L. bicolor subsp. marginatus, L. bicolor var. micranthus, L. bicolor subsp. microphyllus, L. bicolor var. microphyllus, L. bicolor subsp. pipersmithii, L. bicolor var. pipersmithii, L. bicolor var. rostratus, L. bicolor subsp. tridentatus, L. bicolor var. tridentatus, L. bicolor var. trifidus, L. bicolor subsp. umbellatus, L. bicolor var. umbellatus, L. congdonii, L. polycarpus
Name authority Douglas: Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 15: plate 1230. (1829) Lindley: Bot. Reg. 13: plate 1109. (1827)
Web links 
Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from the online version of the Flora of North America, who have made most of their content available via a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0).



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