Lupinus arboreus |
Lupinus spectabilis |
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coastal bush lupine, tree lupine, yellow bush lupine |
shaggyhair lupine |
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Habit | Shrubs, usually 5–20 dm, green-glabrous or silver-hairy. | Herbs, annual, 2–6 dm, densely hairy, hairs to 3.5 mm. |
Stems | ascending or erect, branched, woody. |
erect, branched or unbranched. |
Leaves | cauline; stipules 8–12 mm; petiole 2–3(–6) cm; leaflets 5–12, blades 20–60 × 3–10 mm, adaxial surface glabrous. |
cauline; petiole 4–9 cm; leaflets usually 9, blades 10–40 × 4–9 mm, adaxial surface villous to pilose. |
Racemes | 10–30 cm; flowers whorled or not. |
10–40 cm; flowers whorled. |
Peduncles | 4–10 cm; bracts deciduous, 8–10 mm. |
5–12 cm; bracts usually deciduous, 8–9 mm. |
Pedicels | 4–10 mm. |
6–8 mm. |
Flowers | 14–18 mm; calyx bulge or spur 0–1 mm, abaxial lobe entire, 5–7 mm, adaxial lobe 2-toothed, 5–9 mm; corolla usually yellow, rarely lilac to purple, banner patch darker or not or white, banner glabrous abaxially, lower keel margins glabrous, adaxial margin ciliate from claw to tip. |
11–17 mm; calyx 4–7 mm, lobes ± equal, abaxial lobe entire, adaxial lobe cleft; corolla usually blue, rarely white, banner spot white, upper keel margins ciliate near apex, banner as wide as or wider than long. |
Legumes | 4–7 cm, hairy. |
3–5 × 0.8–1 cm, densely pubescent. |
Cotyledons | deciduous, petiolate. |
deciduous, petiolate. |
Seeds | 8–12, black to tan, often striped lighter, 4–5 mm. |
5–10. |
2n | = 48. |
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Lupinus arboreus |
Lupinus spectabilis |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jul. | Flowering spring (Apr–May). |
Habitat | Coastal bluffs, dunes, disturbed sand. | Serpentine outcrops, chaparral, foothill woodlands. |
Elevation | 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.) | 200–900 m. (700–3000 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; OR; WA; BC; Mexico (Baja California) [Introduced in South America (Argentina, Chile), Europe, Pacific Islands (New Zealand), Australia (including Tasmania)]
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CA |
Discussion | Lupinus arboreus is known from the central California coast southward to northern Baja California; it was introduced as a sand binder and has become naturalized in northern California, Oregon, Washington, and southern British Columbia. Lupinus arboreus grades into L. rivularis in the North Coast of California. Plants with yellow petals and sweet-smelling flowers are widely cultivated as a sand binder. Hairier plants from the western San Francisco Bay area with yellow banners and blue wings have been called var. eximius; plants with glabrous leaflets and purple petals have been called L. propinquus. Lupinus arboreus hybridizes with L. littoralis and probably other species. Seeds of L. arboreus species are toxic. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Lupinus spectabilis is known from the central Sierra Nevada foothills in Mariposa and Tuolumne counties; it intergrades with L. nanus. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | L. arboreus var. eximius, L. propinquus | L. nanus var. perlasius |
Name authority | Sims: Bot. Mag. 18: plate 682. (1803) | Hoover: Leafl. W. Bot. 2: 131. (1938) |
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