Lupinus arboreus |
Lupinus sierrae-blancae |
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coastal bush lupine, tree lupine, yellow bush lupine |
Sierra blanca lupine, White Mountain lupine |
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Habit | Shrubs, usually 5–20 dm, green-glabrous or silver-hairy. | Herbs, perennial, 6.5–15.2 dm, appearing green and glabrous but finely and inconspicuously pubescent. |
Stems | ascending or erect, branched, woody. |
erect, solitary, branched, robust, succulent, hirsutulous. |
Leaves | cauline; stipules 8–12 mm; petiole 2–3(–6) cm; leaflets 5–12, blades 20–60 × 3–10 mm, adaxial surface glabrous. |
cauline; stipules 6–9 mm; proximal petioles 5–7 cm, withering, distal ones 3.5–6.5 cm; leaflets 7–10, blades 30–95 × 5–13 mm, abaxial surface finely strigulose, adaxial surface glabrate, yellow-green or gray-green. |
Racemes | 10–30 cm; flowers whorled or not. |
5–34 cm; flowers whorled or spirally arranged. |
Peduncles | 4–10 cm; bracts deciduous, 8–10 mm. |
4–5 cm; bracts semi-deciduous, 5–7 mm. |
Pedicels | 4–10 mm. |
2–8(–10) mm. |
Flowers | 14–18 mm; calyx bulge or spur 0–1 mm, abaxial lobe entire, 5–7 mm, adaxial lobe 2-toothed, 5–9 mm; corolla usually yellow, rarely lilac to purple, banner patch darker or not or white, banner glabrous abaxially, lower keel margins glabrous, adaxial margin ciliate from claw to tip. |
10–14 mm; calyx abaxial lobe ± slightly gibbous, 9–15 mm, adaxial lobe slightly notched, 7–11 mm; corolla pale blue and whitish, banner with conspicuous darker spot, banner glabrous or hairy abaxially, keel falcate, often ± ciliolate distally. |
Legumes | 4–7 cm, hairy. |
3.5 × 0.8–1 cm, hirsute. |
Cotyledons | deciduous, petiolate. |
deciduous, petiolate. |
Seeds | 8–12, black to tan, often striped lighter, 4–5 mm. |
5–7. |
2n | = 48. |
= 48. |
Lupinus arboreus |
Lupinus sierrae-blancae |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jul. | Flowering Jun–Aug. |
Habitat | Coastal bluffs, dunes, disturbed sand. | Meadows in pine or fir forests, roadsides. |
Elevation | 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.) | 1800–3100 m. (5900–10200 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; OR; WA; BC; Mexico (Baja California) [Introduced in South America (Argentina, Chile), Europe, Pacific Islands (New Zealand), Australia (including Tasmania)]
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NM |
Discussion | Lupinus arboreus is known from the central California coast southward to northern Baja California; it was introduced as a sand binder and has become naturalized in northern California, Oregon, Washington, and southern British Columbia. Lupinus arboreus grades into L. rivularis in the North Coast of California. Plants with yellow petals and sweet-smelling flowers are widely cultivated as a sand binder. Hairier plants from the western San Francisco Bay area with yellow banners and blue wings have been called var. eximius; plants with glabrous leaflets and purple petals have been called L. propinquus. Lupinus arboreus hybridizes with L. littoralis and probably other species. Seeds of L. arboreus species are toxic. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Lupinus sierrae-blancae is known only from the Sierra Blanca and Sacramento Mountains in Lincoln and Otero counties. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | L. arboreus var. eximius, L. propinquus | L. aquilinus, L. laetus, L. sierrae-blancae subsp. aquilinus |
Name authority | Sims: Bot. Mag. 18: plate 682. (1803) | Wooten & Standley: Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 16: 138. (1913) |
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