Lupinus arboreus |
Lupinus sabineanus |
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coastal bush lupine, tree lupine, yellow bush lupine |
Sabin's lupine, Sabine's lupine |
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Habit | Shrubs, usually 5–20 dm, green-glabrous or silver-hairy. | Herbs, perennial, (5–)6–12 dm, woody, hairs stiff to short-silky-appressed. |
Stems | ascending or erect, branched, woody. |
erect or ascending, clustered, unbranched or branched distally, stout. |
Leaves | cauline; stipules 8–12 mm; petiole 2–3(–6) cm; leaflets 5–12, blades 20–60 × 3–10 mm, adaxial surface glabrous. |
cauline; stipules 10–15 mm; petiole 2–25 cm; leaflets 8–11, blades (30–)60–120(–150) × 3–15 mm, abaxial surface silky, slightly less so abaxially. |
Racemes | 10–30 cm; flowers whorled or not. |
12–40 cm, loose to dense; flowers whorled. |
Peduncles | 4–10 cm; bracts deciduous, 8–10 mm. |
4–10 cm; bracts early deciduous to persistent, 10–18 mm. |
Pedicels | 4–10 mm. |
4–12 mm. |
Flowers | 14–18 mm; calyx bulge or spur 0–1 mm, abaxial lobe entire, 5–7 mm, adaxial lobe 2-toothed, 5–9 mm; corolla usually yellow, rarely lilac to purple, banner patch darker or not or white, banner glabrous abaxially, lower keel margins glabrous, adaxial margin ciliate from claw to tip. |
(13–)15–18 mm; calyx sometimes somewhat bulged and asymmetrical, abaxial lobe entire or notched, 7–8 mm, adaxial lobe shallowly notched, 6–7 mm; corolla bright yellow, rarely pale purple, keel falcate, banner glabrous or hairy abaxially, upper keel margins densely ciliate. |
Legumes | 4–7 cm, hairy. |
3–4.5 cm, tomentose. |
Cotyledons | deciduous, petiolate. |
deciduous, petiolate. |
Seeds | 8–12, black to tan, often striped lighter, 4–5 mm. |
4–7, pinkish brown to dull reddish brown, 6–7 mm. |
2n | = 48. |
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Lupinus arboreus |
Lupinus sabineanus |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jul. | Flowering May–early Jun. |
Habitat | Coastal bluffs, dunes, disturbed sand. | Open ponderosa pine forests, dry hillsides, open woods. |
Elevation | 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.) | 500–1200 m. (1600–3900 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; OR; WA; BC; Mexico (Baja California) [Introduced in South America (Argentina, Chile), Europe, Pacific Islands (New Zealand), Australia (including Tasmania)]
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OR; WA |
Discussion | Lupinus arboreus is known from the central California coast southward to northern Baja California; it was introduced as a sand binder and has become naturalized in northern California, Oregon, Washington, and southern British Columbia. Lupinus arboreus grades into L. rivularis in the North Coast of California. Plants with yellow petals and sweet-smelling flowers are widely cultivated as a sand binder. Hairier plants from the western San Francisco Bay area with yellow banners and blue wings have been called var. eximius; plants with glabrous leaflets and purple petals have been called L. propinquus. Lupinus arboreus hybridizes with L. littoralis and probably other species. Seeds of L. arboreus species are toxic. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Lupinus sabineanus is known only from the Blue Mountains of northeastern Oregon and southeastern Washington (where it is of conservation concern). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | L. arboreus var. eximius, L. propinquus | L. sabinei |
Name authority | Sims: Bot. Mag. 18: plate 682. (1803) | Douglas ex Lindley: Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 17: plate 1435. (1831) — (as sabinianus) |
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