Lupinus arboreus |
Lupinus obtusilobus |
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coastal bush lupine, tree lupine, yellow bush lupine |
bluntlobe lupine, ornate lupine, satin lupine |
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Habit | Shrubs, usually 5–20 dm, green-glabrous or silver-hairy. | Herbs, perennial, 1.5–3 dm, appressed-silvery-silky; with woody, branching root crown. |
Stems | ascending or erect, branched, woody. |
decumbent, ascending, or erect, clustered, usually unbranched. |
Leaves | cauline; stipules 8–12 mm; petiole 2–3(–6) cm; leaflets 5–12, blades 20–60 × 3–10 mm, adaxial surface glabrous. |
cauline; stipules 7–14 mm; petiole 2–5 cm; leaflets 6 or 7, blades 20–50 × 4–8 mm, adaxial surface hairs silvery-silky. |
Racemes | 10–30 cm; flowers whorled or not. |
dense, 3–7 cm; flowers ± whorled. |
Peduncles | 4–10 cm; bracts deciduous, 8–10 mm. |
(1–)2–4(–5) cm; bracts 3–4 mm. |
Pedicels | 4–10 mm. |
2–5 mm. |
Flowers | 14–18 mm; calyx bulge or spur 0–1 mm, abaxial lobe entire, 5–7 mm, adaxial lobe 2-toothed, 5–9 mm; corolla usually yellow, rarely lilac to purple, banner patch darker or not or white, banner glabrous abaxially, lower keel margins glabrous, adaxial margin ciliate from claw to tip. |
11–13 mm; calyx 6–7 mm, bulge or spur 0–1 mm, abaxial lobe 3-toothed, adaxial lobe 2-toothed; corolla blue to lilac, banner patch yellow, banner well reflexed-recurved at or proximal to midpoint, this 3.5–6 mm proximal to apex, banner broader than long, hairy abaxially, lower keel margins glabrous, adaxial margin ciliate. |
Legumes | 4–7 cm, hairy. |
2.5–4 cm, silky. |
Cotyledons | deciduous, petiolate. |
deciduous, petiolate. |
Seeds | 8–12, black to tan, often striped lighter, 4–5 mm. |
4–5, mottled brown, 3–4 mm. |
2n | = 48. |
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Lupinus arboreus |
Lupinus obtusilobus |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jul. | Flowering Jun–Sep. |
Habitat | Coastal bluffs, dunes, disturbed sand. | Gravelly summits, red fir, subalpine forests. |
Elevation | 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.) | 1500–3500 m. (4900–11500 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; OR; WA; BC; Mexico (Baja California) [Introduced in South America (Argentina, Chile), Europe, Pacific Islands (New Zealand), Australia (including Tasmania)]
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CA; NV
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Discussion | Lupinus arboreus is known from the central California coast southward to northern Baja California; it was introduced as a sand binder and has become naturalized in northern California, Oregon, Washington, and southern British Columbia. Lupinus arboreus grades into L. rivularis in the North Coast of California. Plants with yellow petals and sweet-smelling flowers are widely cultivated as a sand binder. Hairier plants from the western San Francisco Bay area with yellow banners and blue wings have been called var. eximius; plants with glabrous leaflets and purple petals have been called L. propinquus. Lupinus arboreus hybridizes with L. littoralis and probably other species. Seeds of L. arboreus species are toxic. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Lupinus obtusilobus is known in California from the North Coast Ranges, Klamath Ranges, Cascade Ranges, and northern Sierra Nevada (south to Nevada County), and in the Carson Range in eastern California and western Nevada. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | L. arboreus var. eximius, L. propinquus | L. ornatus var. obtusilobus |
Name authority | Sims: Bot. Mag. 18: plate 682. (1803) | A. Heller: Muhlenbergia 8: 115, fig. 22. (1912) |
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