Lupinus arboreus |
Lupinus nevadensis |
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coastal bush lupine, tree lupine, yellow bush lupine |
Nevada lupine |
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Habit | Shrubs, usually 5–20 dm, green-glabrous or silver-hairy. | Herbs, perennial, 1–4 dm, long-hairy. |
Stems | ascending or erect, branched, woody. |
erect, tufted, unbranched. |
Leaves | cauline; stipules 8–12 mm; petiole 2–3(–6) cm; leaflets 5–12, blades 20–60 × 3–10 mm, adaxial surface glabrous. |
basal and cauline; stipules 8–10 mm; basal petioles to 14 cm, cauline to 4 cm; leaflets 6–10, blades 20–50 × 4–6 mm, adaxial surface pubescent. |
Racemes | 10–30 cm; flowers whorled or not. |
5–17 cm; flowers spirally arranged. |
Peduncles | 4–10 cm; bracts deciduous, 8–10 mm. |
3–6 cm; bracts deciduous, 4–5 mm. |
Pedicels | 4–10 mm. |
4–8 mm. |
Flowers | 14–18 mm; calyx bulge or spur 0–1 mm, abaxial lobe entire, 5–7 mm, adaxial lobe 2-toothed, 5–9 mm; corolla usually yellow, rarely lilac to purple, banner patch darker or not or white, banner glabrous abaxially, lower keel margins glabrous, adaxial margin ciliate from claw to tip. |
10–12 mm; calyx bulge or spur 0–1 mm, abaxial lobe 3-toothed, 4–5 mm, adaxial lobe 2-toothed, 3–4 mm; corolla blue, banner patch white to yellowish, banner glabrous abaxially, keel strongly upcurved, lower keel margins glabrous, adaxial margin ciliate. |
Legumes | 4–7 cm, hairy. |
2.5–4 cm, densely hairy. |
Cotyledons | deciduous, petiolate. |
deciduous, petiolate. |
Seeds | 8–12, black to tan, often striped lighter, 4–5 mm. |
3–4. |
2n | = 48. |
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Lupinus arboreus |
Lupinus nevadensis |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jul. | Flowering Apr–Aug. |
Habitat | Coastal bluffs, dunes, disturbed sand. | Hillsides, valleys, with sage-brush, Great Basin scrub, pinyon-juniper woodlands. |
Elevation | 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.) | 1000–3000 m. (3300–9800 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; OR; WA; BC; Mexico (Baja California) [Introduced in South America (Argentina, Chile), Europe, Pacific Islands (New Zealand), Australia (including Tasmania)]
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CA; NV; OR
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Discussion | Lupinus arboreus is known from the central California coast southward to northern Baja California; it was introduced as a sand binder and has become naturalized in northern California, Oregon, Washington, and southern British Columbia. Lupinus arboreus grades into L. rivularis in the North Coast of California. Plants with yellow petals and sweet-smelling flowers are widely cultivated as a sand binder. Hairier plants from the western San Francisco Bay area with yellow banners and blue wings have been called var. eximius; plants with glabrous leaflets and purple petals have been called L. propinquus. Lupinus arboreus hybridizes with L. littoralis and probably other species. Seeds of L. arboreus species are toxic. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Lupinus nevadensis is found in Lassen, Mono, and northern Inyo counties in eastern California, Washoe County southward to Mineral County in western Nevada, and Harney County in southern Oregon. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | L. arboreus var. eximius, L. propinquus | |
Name authority | Sims: Bot. Mag. 18: plate 682. (1803) | A. Heller: Muhlenbergia 6: 107, fig. 17. (1910) |
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