Lupinus arboreus |
Lupinus arizonicus |
|
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coastal bush lupine, tree lupine, yellow bush lupine |
Arizona lupine |
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Habit | Shrubs, usually 5–20 dm, green-glabrous or silver-hairy. | Herbs, annual, 1–6 dm, with short-appressed and long, spreading hairs. |
Stems | ascending or erect, branched, woody. |
erect, usually branched, sometimes unbranched. |
Leaves | cauline; stipules 8–12 mm; petiole 2–3(–6) cm; leaflets 5–12, blades 20–60 × 3–10 mm, adaxial surface glabrous. |
cauline; petiole 2–8 cm; leaflets 5–10, blades 10–40 × 4–12 mm, adaxial surface glabrous. |
Racemes | 10–30 cm; flowers whorled or not. |
6–30 cm; flowers spirally arranged or appearing ± whorled proximally. |
Peduncles | 4–10 cm; bracts deciduous, 8–10 mm. |
1–6 cm; bracts usually persistent, 4–8 mm. |
Pedicels | 4–10 mm. |
2–4 mm. |
Flowers | 14–18 mm; calyx bulge or spur 0–1 mm, abaxial lobe entire, 5–7 mm, adaxial lobe 2-toothed, 5–9 mm; corolla usually yellow, rarely lilac to purple, banner patch darker or not or white, banner glabrous abaxially, lower keel margins glabrous, adaxial margin ciliate from claw to tip. |
7–10 mm; calyx 3–6 mm, lobes ± equal, abaxial lobe entire, adaxial lobe deeply cleft; corolla banner and wings dark pink to magenta, drying blue-purple or whitish, banner spot yellowish, becoming darker magenta, lower keel margins ciliate near claw, upper margins glabrous. |
Legumes | 4–7 cm, hairy. |
often secund, 1–2 cm, coarsely pubescent. |
Cotyledons | deciduous, petiolate. |
deciduous, petiolate. |
Seeds | 8–12, black to tan, often striped lighter, 4–5 mm. |
4–6. |
2n | = 48. |
= 48. |
Lupinus arboreus |
Lupinus arizonicus |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jul. | Flowering spring. |
Habitat | Coastal bluffs, dunes, disturbed sand. | Sandy washes, open areas. |
Elevation | 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.) | 0–1100 m. (0–3600 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; OR; WA; BC; Mexico (Baja California) [Introduced in South America (Argentina, Chile), Europe, Pacific Islands (New Zealand), Australia (including Tasmania)]
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AZ; CA; NV; Mexico (Baja California, Baja California Sur, Sonora)
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Discussion | Lupinus arboreus is known from the central California coast southward to northern Baja California; it was introduced as a sand binder and has become naturalized in northern California, Oregon, Washington, and southern British Columbia. Lupinus arboreus grades into L. rivularis in the North Coast of California. Plants with yellow petals and sweet-smelling flowers are widely cultivated as a sand binder. Hairier plants from the western San Francisco Bay area with yellow banners and blue wings have been called var. eximius; plants with glabrous leaflets and purple petals have been called L. propinquus. Lupinus arboreus hybridizes with L. littoralis and probably other species. Seeds of L. arboreus species are toxic. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Lupinus arizonicus occurs in the eastern Mojave and Sonora deserts of southeastern California, southwestern Arizona, and southern Nevada, plus adjacent areas in northern Mexico. Robust plants have been named var. barbatulus. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | L. arboreus var. eximius, L. propinquus | L. concinnus var. arizonicus, L. arizonicus var. barbatulus, L. brevior, L. concinnus var. brevior, L. sparsiflorus var. arizonicus, L. sparsiflorus var. barbatulus |
Name authority | Sims: Bot. Mag. 18: plate 682. (1803) | (S. Watson) S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 12: 250. (1877) |
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