Ludwigia bonariensis |
Ludwigia virgata |
|
---|---|---|
Carolina primrose-willow |
savannah primrose-willow |
|
Habit | Herbs, from woody rootstock. | |
Roots | fascicled, often fusiform, or spreading horizontally. |
|
Stems | erect, subterete, 20–120 cm, branched, glabrate proximally, or strigillose, especially in distal parts, with raised strigillose lines decurrent from leaf axils mid stem. |
subterete to scarcely angled, with narrow raised lines or wings decurrent from leaf axils, 45–85 cm, branched mainly near base, glabrate with strigillose raised lines or strigillose. |
Leaves | stipules narrowly deltate, 0.3–0.5 × 0.1–0.2 mm; petiole winged, 0.1–0.7 cm; blade narrowly to broadly lanceolate, 4–15 × 0.3–1(–3) cm, base tapered, margins subentire to inconspicuously glandular-serrulate, apex acute to acuminate, surfaces finely strigillose, especially on abaxial veins, sometimes glabrate; bracts narrower, reduced in size. |
stipules narrowly deltate, 0.1–0.2 × 0.1–0.15 mm; sessile; blade ovate to obovate proximally, lanceolate-linear to linear distally, 2–7 × 0.2–1(–1.5) cm, base cuneate, margins entire, apex acute to rounded, surfaces strigillose, densely so particularly along veins; bracts usually very reduced in size, sublinear. |
Inflorescences | open, leafy racemes, flowers solitary in axils; bracteoles lanceolate-linear or setaceous, 2–6 × 0.3–0.8 mm, attached on pedicel just proximal to base of ovary. |
sparse racemes, flowers solitary in leaf axils; bracteoles attached in subopposite pairs on distal 1/3 of pedicel, lanceolate-linear, 0.7–3.2(–5) ×0.2–0.5 mm, margins entire, apex acute, surfaces strigillose. |
Flowers | sepals ovate-deltate, 10–20 × 7–12 mm, abruptly acuminate or acute, inconspicuously 5–7-nerved, surfaces strigillose; petals deep golden yellow, broadly obovate, 20–35 × 10–30 mm, apex shallowly emarginate, claw 1.5–3 mm; stamens 8 in 2 unequal series, filaments flattened and dilated near base, epipetalous set 3.4–4.5 mm, episepalous set 4.5–5.5 mm, anthers oblong, 4–5 mm; pollen shed in polyads; ovary subcylindric, slightly 4-angled, 8–12(–20) mm; nectary disc slightly elevated on ovary apex, 2–3 mm diam., 4-lobed, ringed by short hairs; style 3–3.5 mm, stigma clavate-capitate, 2.5–3 × 2–2.5 mm, often exserted beyond anthers. |
sepals strongly reflexed, narrowly ovate-deltate, 6–10 × 2.5–4.5 mm, margins entire, apex acute, surfaces finely strigillose to glabrate; petals cordate, 14–19 × 13–15 mm, base attenuate, apex emarginate; filaments opaque white, awl-shaped, 1.9–4.2 mm, anthers 2–4 × 0.6–1 mm; ovary subcuboid to globose, 3–4 × 3–4 mm; nectary disc elevated, domed, 0.8–1.4 mm diam., prominently 4-lobed, ringed with silky-curly hairs; style 5–9.5 mm, glabrous, stigma capitate to hemispherical, 0.6–1.3 × 1.3–2.6 mm, shallowly 4-lobed, as long as or exserted beyond anthers. |
Capsules | clavate-cylindric, subterete to obtusely 4-angled, 20–35 × 3.5–5 mm, thin walls, irregularly dehiscent, tapering to pedicel 10–40 mm. |
subglobose to ellipsoid, 3.5–6.8 × 3.3–4.3 mm, 4-angled, angles not developed into wings, pedicel 6.5–17 mm. |
Seeds | in several indistinct rows per locule, yellow-brown, oblong (appearing round), 0.5 mm, shiny, raphe 2/3 as wide as body. |
light brown, elliptic-oblong to reniform, 0.5–0.7 × 0.3–0.4 mm, surface cells elongate transversely to seed length or elongate parallel to length near raphe. |
2n | = 16. |
= 16. |
Ludwigia bonariensis |
Ludwigia virgata |
|
Phenology | Flowering summer. | Flowering summer. |
Habitat | Wet places, mainly along coastal areas, especially ditches, banks near brackish water. | Sandy savannas, pinelands, damp roadside ditches, margins of ponds, bogs, irrigated fields, usually within 75 miles of sea coast. |
Elevation | 0–200[–2600] m. (0–700[–8500] ft.) | 0–300 m. (0–1000 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; FL; MS; NC; SC; TX; Mexico (Chihuahua, Durango, Puebla, Quintana Roo, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz); South America (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay)
|
AL; FL; GA; MS; NC; SC; VA
|
Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. |
Parent taxa | Onagraceae > subfam. Ludwigioideae > Ludwigia > sect. Macrocarpon | Onagraceae > subfam. Ludwigioideae > Ludwigia > sect. Ludwigia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Jussiaea bonariensis, J. neglecta, J. suffruticosa var. bonariensis | Isnardia virgata |
Name authority | (Micheli) H. Hara: J. Jap. Bot. 28: 291. (1953) | Michaux: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 89. (1803) |
Web links |