Ludwigia bonariensis |
Ludwigia hirtella |
|
---|---|---|
Carolina primrose-willow |
hairy seedbox, Rafinesque's seedbox, spindleroot |
|
Habit | Herbs, from woody rootstock. | |
Roots | fusiform, somewhat thickened, often fascicled. |
|
Stems | erect, subterete, 20–120 cm, branched, glabrate proximally, or strigillose, especially in distal parts, with raised strigillose lines decurrent from leaf axils mid stem. |
subterete to angled, with raised lines or narrow wings decurrent from leaf axils, (30–)50–120 cm, well branched in distal 1/2, densely erect-hirsute to sometimes glabrous. |
Leaves | stipules narrowly deltate, 0.3–0.5 × 0.1–0.2 mm; petiole winged, 0.1–0.7 cm; blade narrowly to broadly lanceolate, 4–15 × 0.3–1(–3) cm, base tapered, margins subentire to inconspicuously glandular-serrulate, apex acute to acuminate, surfaces finely strigillose, especially on abaxial veins, sometimes glabrate; bracts narrower, reduced in size. |
stipules narrowly deltate, 0.05–0.15 × 0.05–0.1 mm; sessile; blade closely appressed to stem, lanceolate to ovate-oblong, 1.4–5.5 × 0.4–1.2 cm, base attenuate, margins entire, apex acute to rounded, surfaces glabrous or densely erect-hirsute; bracts usually very reduced, sublinear. |
Inflorescences | open, leafy racemes, flowers solitary in axils; bracteoles lanceolate-linear or setaceous, 2–6 × 0.3–0.8 mm, attached on pedicel just proximal to base of ovary. |
leafy racemes, flowers solitary in leaf axils; bracteoles attached in subopposite pairs just proximal to ovary base, lanceolate-linear, 2.5–7 × 0.5–1.5 mm, margins entire, apex acute, surfaces hirtellous. |
Flowers | sepals ovate-deltate, 10–20 × 7–12 mm, abruptly acuminate or acute, inconspicuously 5–7-nerved, surfaces strigillose; petals deep golden yellow, broadly obovate, 20–35 × 10–30 mm, apex shallowly emarginate, claw 1.5–3 mm; stamens 8 in 2 unequal series, filaments flattened and dilated near base, epipetalous set 3.4–4.5 mm, episepalous set 4.5–5.5 mm, anthers oblong, 4–5 mm; pollen shed in polyads; ovary subcylindric, slightly 4-angled, 8–12(–20) mm; nectary disc slightly elevated on ovary apex, 2–3 mm diam., 4-lobed, ringed by short hairs; style 3–3.5 mm, stigma clavate-capitate, 2.5–3 × 2–2.5 mm, often exserted beyond anthers. |
sepals narrowly ovate-deltate, (5.4–)6–12 × 2.2–4.5(–5) mm, margins entire, apex acute, surfaces hirtellous or, sometimes, glabrous; petals cordate, 12–14 × 13–14 mm, base attenuate, apex emarginate; filaments opaque white, awl-shaped, 2–5.5 mm, anthers 1.4–2.6 × 0.4–0.8 mm; ovary subcuboid or globose, 3–4 × 3–4 mm; nectary disc elevated, domed, 1–1.4 mm diam., prominently 4-lobed, ringed with stiff, spreading hairs or glabrous; style 1.3–4.5(–5.5) mm, glabrous, stigma capitate to hemispherical, 0.9–1.5 × 0.9–2(–2.5) mm, often shallowly 4-lobed, as long as stamens, sometimes exserted beyond them. |
Capsules | clavate-cylindric, subterete to obtusely 4-angled, 20–35 × 3.5–5 mm, thin walls, irregularly dehiscent, tapering to pedicel 10–40 mm. |
subcuboid to squarish globose, 4–6 × 4–5 mm, 4-angled, often also 4-winged, wings 0.3–1.1 mm wide, pedicel 3–10 mm. |
Seeds | in several indistinct rows per locule, yellow-brown, oblong (appearing round), 0.5 mm, shiny, raphe 2/3 as wide as body. |
light brown, oblong to reniform, 0.6–0.7 × 0.3–0.4 mm, surface cells elongate transversely to seed length. |
2n | = 16. |
= 16. |
Ludwigia bonariensis |
Ludwigia hirtella |
|
Phenology | Flowering summer. | Flowering summer–early fall. |
Habitat | Wet places, mainly along coastal areas, especially ditches, banks near brackish water. | Boggy depressions, roadside ditches, margins of boggy streams. |
Elevation | 0–200[–2600] m. (0–700[–8500] ft.) | 0–300 m. (0–1000 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; FL; MS; NC; SC; TX; Mexico (Chihuahua, Durango, Puebla, Quintana Roo, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz); South America (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay)
|
AL; AR; DC; DE; FL; GA; KY; LA; MD; MS; NC; NJ; OK; SC; TN; TX; VA
|
Discussion | A name often found in synonymy with Ludwigia hirtella is a later homonym: L. hirsuta Pursh 1813, not Desrousseaux 1789. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. |
Parent taxa | Onagraceae > subfam. Ludwigioideae > Ludwigia > sect. Macrocarpon | Onagraceae > subfam. Ludwigioideae > Ludwigia > sect. Ludwigia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Jussiaea bonariensis, J. neglecta, J. suffruticosa var. bonariensis | Isnardia hirsuta var. permollis, I. hirtella, L. permollis |
Name authority | (Micheli) H. Hara: J. Jap. Bot. 28: 291. (1953) | Rafinesque: Med. Repos., hexade 2, 5: 358. (1808) |
Web links |