Lotus krylovii |
Lotus corniculatus |
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krylov's bird's-foot trefoil, krylov's trefoil |
bird's-foot trefoil, birdfoot trefoil, common bird's-foot trefoil, garden bird's-foot-trefoil |
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Habit | Herbs perennial [annual], 10–45 cm, glabrous (except glabrate on leaves and calyx); taprooted. | Herbs annual or perennial, 5–70 cm, glabrous or sparsely pilose to strigose; usually taprooted, rarely rhizomatous. |
Stems | erect or decumbent, solid, not succulent. |
ascending or prostrate, solid, not succulent. |
Leaves | 8–16 mm; rachis 1.5–5 mm; leaflet blades: basal 2 obliquely ovate, terminal 3 obovate to obovate-elliptic or obovate-lanceolate, 5–15 × 1–4 mm, length 3.2–5 times width, apex rounded to ± acute. |
5–30 mm; rachis (1–)2–10 mm; leaflet blades sometimes asymmetric, obovate to oblanceolate, oblong, or ovate, 4–22 × 2–11 mm, length 1.6–3(–4) times width, apex obtuse and mucronate or acuminate. |
Inflorescences | 1(or 2[–4]-flowered; bracts 1–3-foliolate. |
(1–)3–8(–10)-flowered; bracts (1–)3-foliolate. |
Peduncles | ascending, 1–4.5(–6) cm. |
decumbent to erect, 1.5–12 cm. |
Flowers | 7–9.2[–10] mm; calyx 4–6 mm, lobes erect in bud, triangular to deltate-acuminate, (1.5–)2–2.8[–3.5] mm, ± equaling tube, tube glabrate; petals light yellow, ± pink-tinged abaxially, turning pinkish or red, 6.6–8.5 mm, wings equaling keel. |
10–17 mm; calyx 5–7.5 mm, lobes not recurved in bud, usually triangular, rarely ovate, (1.5–)2.5–4.5 mm, shorter to slightly longer than tube, tube villous; petals bright yellow, marked with red, turning orange, 8–14 mm, wings shorter to longer than keel. |
Legumes | brown, cylindric, 15–25[–35] × 2–3 mm, not septate. |
brown, narrowly oblong, 15–35 × 2–3 mm, not septate. |
Seeds | 6–10[–30], brown, finely mottled, globose, 0.8–1.4 mm, smooth. |
5–30, yellowish or light to dark brown, mottled or sometimes not, globose to round-oblong, 1–1.7 mm, smooth. |
2n | = 12. |
= 24. |
Lotus krylovii |
Lotus corniculatus |
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Phenology | Flowering summer. | Flowering summer. |
Habitat | Alkaline meadows, saline lake shores, dry hillsides. | Open, often wet disturbed, ruderal sites, lawns, fields, roadsides. |
Elevation | 500–600 m. (1600–2000 ft.) | 0–1800 m. (0–5900 ft.) |
Distribution |
BC; e Europe (Russia, Ukraine); c Asia; w Asia [Introduced in North America] |
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; SPM; Eurasia; n Africa [Introduced also in Mexico, Central America, South America, Atlantic Islands (Iceland), Australia]
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Discussion | Lotus krylovii is known in the flora area only from the the Okanagan Valley of British Columbia, near White Lake. I. I. Zandstra and W. F. Grant (1968) reported it in their study of Lotus in Canada, and it is still extant there. S. I. Ali (1977) synonymized this species with an expanded Lotus corniculatus var. tenuifolius Linnaeus (synonym of L. tenuis), but the taxa are distinct in morphology, distribution, and ecology. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Lotus corniculatus has been widely introduced both as a forage crop and for roadside stabilization throughout North America. M. D. Ross and W. T. Jones (1985) presented evidence that L. corniculatus is an allotetraploid derived from the hybrid between either L. tenuis or L. alpinus (Seringe) Schleicher ex Ramond, as the pistillate parent, and L. uliginosus. This would explain the close morphological similarity with L. tenuis. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | L. corniculatus var. versicolor | |
Name authority | Schischkin & Sergievskaja: Sist. Zametki Mater. Gerb. Tomsk. 1932(7–8): 5. (1932) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 775. (1753) — (as corniculata) |
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