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krylov's bird's-foot trefoil, krylov's trefoil

bird's foot trefoil, lotier, lotus, trefoil

Habit Herbs perennial [annual], 10–45 cm, glabrous (except glabrate on leaves and calyx); taprooted. Herbs, annual or perennial, rarely suffrutescent, unarmed.
Stems

erect or decumbent, solid, not succulent.

prostrate or decumbent to ascending or erect, glabrous or pubescent.

Leaves

8–16 mm;

rachis 1.5–5 mm;

leaflet blades: basal 2 obliquely ovate, terminal 3 obovate to obovate-elliptic or obovate-lanceolate, 5–15 × 1–4 mm, length 3.2–5 times width, apex rounded to ± acute.

alternate, odd-pinnate;

stipules present, glandlike;

petiolate;

leaflets 5, proximal pair stipular in position, distal 3 ± palmate, blade margins entire, surfaces glabrous or pubescent.

Inflorescences

1(or 2[–4]-flowered;

bracts 1–3-foliolate.

1–15-flowered, axillary, umbels or solitary flowers;

bracts present, 1–3-foliolate.

Peduncles

ascending, 1–4.5(–6) cm.

Flowers

7–9.2[–10] mm;

calyx 4–6 mm, lobes erect in bud, triangular to deltate-acuminate, (1.5–)2–2.8[–3.5] mm, ± equaling tube, tube glabrate;

petals light yellow, ± pink-tinged abaxially, turning pinkish or red, 6.6–8.5 mm, wings equaling keel.

papilionaceous;

calyx symmetric, bell-shaped or short-cylindric, lobes 5;

corolla yellow, usually marked with red, (4–)5–13(–18) mm, keel equaling or longer than symmetrically positioned wings;

stamens 10, diadelphous;

anthers dorsifixed;

ovary sessile or ± stipitate;

stigma without collar.

Fruits

legumes, persistent, exserted from calyx, sessile, straight, body not deflexed, linear to narrowly oblong or cylindric, subterete to quadrate, beak slender, dehiscent, leathery, glabrous.

Legumes

brown, cylindric, 15–25[–35] × 2–3 mm, not septate.

Seeds

6–10[–30], brown, finely mottled, globose, 0.8–1.4 mm, smooth.

(5–)10–35, mottled or not, globose to oblong or round-oblong.

x

= 6.

2n

= 12.

Lotus krylovii

Lotus

Phenology Flowering summer.
Habitat Alkaline meadows, saline lake shores, dry hillsides.
Elevation 500–600 m. (1600–2000 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
BC; e Europe (Russia, Ukraine); c Asia; w Asia [Introduced in North America]
[BONAP county map]
from USDA
Eurasia; Africa; Atlantic Islands (Azores); Pacific Islands (New Caledonia, Vanuatu); Australia [Introduced in North America; introduced also nearly worldwide]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Lotus krylovii is known in the flora area only from the the Okanagan Valley of British Columbia, near White Lake. I. I. Zandstra and W. F. Grant (1968) reported it in their study of Lotus in Canada, and it is still extant there.

S. I. Ali (1977) synonymized this species with an expanded Lotus corniculatus var. tenuifolius Linnaeus (synonym of L. tenuis), but the taxa are distinct in morphology, distribution, and ecology.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Species ca. 125 (6 in the flora).

Morphological and molecular analyses (G. J. Allan et al. 2003; G. V. Degtjareva et al. 2008) have shown that the Eurasian members of Lotus are distinct from the North American Acmispon and Hosackia. Therefore, Lotus is here defined in its strict sense. Lotus species have been introduced to North America as forage crops and for roadbank stabilization.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Herbs annual, hirsute.
→ 2
2. Calyx tubes villous; legumes 12–30 × 1–2 mm.
L. angustissimus
2. Calyx tubes hirsute; legumes 7–10 × 0.7–1.2 mm.
L. subbiflorus
1. Herbs annual or perennial, glabrous, glabrate, or sparsely pilose to strigose.
→ 3
3. Inflorescences 1(or 2)[–4]-flowered.
L. krylovii
3. Inflorescences (1–)3–15-flowered.
→ 4
4. Inflorescences (4–)5–15-flowered; calyx lobes spreading or recurved in bud; herbs with conspicuous rhizome; stems hollow, glabrate to sparsely pilose.
L. uliginosus
4. Inflorescences (1–)3–8(–10)-flowered; calyx lobes not recurved in bud; herbs tap­rooted (except rarely rhizomatous in L. corniculatus); stems solid, glabrous, gla­brate, or sparsely pilose to strigose.
→ 5
5. Leaflet blade lengths 1.6–3(–4) times widths; flowers 10–17 mm.
L. corniculatus
5. Leaflet blade lengths (2.5–)3–5 times widths; flowers 7–10 mm.
L. tenuis
Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11. Author: Luc Brouillet.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lotus Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae
Sibling taxa
L. angustissimus, L. corniculatus, L. subbiflorus, L. tenuis, L. uliginosus
Subordinate taxa
L. angustissimus, L. corniculatus, L. krylovii, L. subbiflorus, L. tenuis, L. uliginosus
Synonyms L. corniculatus var. versicolor
Name authority Schischkin & Sergievskaja: Sist. Zametki Mater. Gerb. Tomsk. 1932(7–8): 5. (1932) Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 773. (1753): Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 338. (1754)
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