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spearleaf rabbitbrush

rabbitbush

Habit Shrubs, 70–350 cm (trunks to 20 cm diam.; soboliferous). Subshrubs or shrubs, 5–350 cm.
Stems

single, greenish when young, becoming tan to gray, fastigiately branched (± angled from leaf bases), glabrous or scabridulous.

erect to ascending, often fastigiately or intricately branched (bark typically tan, becoming white to tan or gray when older; twigs usually greenish), glabrous or scabrous, gland-dotted (sometimes in pits), often resinous.

Leaves

ascending;

blades with midnerves plus 2 fainter collateral nerves evident, broadly linear to lanceolate or oblong, 20–75 × 3–8 mm, flat, margins scabrellous, apices acute to acuminate, faces glabrous, gland-dotted (in shallow pits).

cauline (usually persistent; often crowded, appressed or ascending to spreading, becoming deflexed); alternate;

sessile or petiolate;

blades prominently 1-nerved plus sometimes 1–2 pairs of collateral nerves, linear to oblong or lanceolate to narrowly oblanceolate or broadly spatulate (flat to concave), margins entire or coarsely serrate, sometimes ciliate, faces glabrous or scabrous, gland-dotted (sometimes in ± deep, resin-filled pits, sometimes sessile) or pustulate, often ± resinous.

Involucres

obconic, 4.5–7 × 1.5–2.2 mm.

cylindric to obconic or hemispheric, (4–15 ×) 1.5–6 mm.

Receptacles

with 0–2 scales, 0–0.5 mm.

convex, pitted, epaleate (sometimes bearing scales or awn-like projections).

Ray florets

0.

0 or (1–)6–20, pistillate, fertile;

corollas pale to dark yellow.

Disc florets

(4–)5(–6);

corollas 4–5.5 mm, glabrous, lobes 1–1.5 mm;

style branches 1.9–2.3 mm, appendages subulate, 0.7–1.1 mm.

4–63, bisexual, fertile;

corollas pale to dark yellow, tubes usually shorter than (about equaling in L. salicina) gradually dilated throats, lobes 5, spreading to recurved, lanceolate to triangular;

style-branch appendages lanceolate or attenuate to subulate.

Phyllaries

15–18 in 3–4 series, in 5 vertical ranks, mostly tan, midnerves evident on distal 1/2, ± keeled, elliptic to lanceolate, 0.7–6.5 × 0.5–1.1 mm, unequal, outer often thickened and herbaceous subapically, apices acute, acuminate, or rounded, faces glabrous or sparsely scabrous.

13–30 in 3–6 series (often in vertical ranks), green to tan, 1-nerved (midnerves obscure or evident, sometimes enlarged subapically and glandular; usually flat or convex, sometimes keeled), ovate to oblong or lanceolate to oblanceolate, strongly unequal or subequal, mostly chartaceous, outer sometimes herbaceous or herbaceous-tipped, margins scarious (apices erect or slightly spreading, acute, acuminate, cuspidate, or obtuse), faces often resinous, sometimes stipitate-glandular (in L. peirsonii).

Heads

in corymbiform arrays 3–12 cm wide.

discoid (radiate in L. microcephala and L. peirsonii; rays occasionally observed in L. spathulata), usually in congested, rounded, compound, usually cymiform to corymbiform, sometimes racemiform arrays.

Cypselae

tan to brownish, subcylindric, 2.5–3.5 mm, 10–12-ribbed, densely hairy;

pappi whitish tan, 4.5–7 mm.

(mostly tan to brownish) oblong to obconic, subterete to prismatic, 4–12-ribbed, faces glabrous or densely hairy;

pappi persistent, of 20–80+ tan subequal, fine, barbellate, apically ± clavate bristles in 1 series.

x

= 9.

2n

= 18.

Lorandersonia linifolia

Lorandersonia

Phenology Flowering summer–fall.
Habitat Margins of alkaline streams, banks of larger rivers, other moist, low, alkaline sites, less often drier slopes
Elevation 1200–2400 m (3900–7900 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CO; MT; NM; UT; WY
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
North America; n Mexico
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Species 7 (7 in the flora).

Phylogenetic studies (R. P. Roberts and L. E. Urbatsch 2004) support the monophyly of this taxon consisting of species formerly in Chrysothamnus, Hesperodoria, and Tonestus.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Heads radiate; subshrubs (mat-forming), 5–20 cm; phyllaries subequal; 2400+ m
→ 2
1. Heads discoid; shrubs 25–350 cm; phyllaries unequal; usually below 2400 m
→ 3
2. Leaf blades elliptic to narrowly oblanceolate, margins scarious, entire; phyllary faces glabrous; ray florets 5–8, disc florets 10–15
L. microcephala
2. Leaf blades broadly spatulate, margins coarsely serrate; phyllary faces stipitate-glandular; ray florets 16–20; disc florets 44–63
L. peirsonii
3. Involucres 10–15 mm; phyllaries in vertical ranks
→ 4
3. Involucres 4–7.2 mm; phyllaries in spirals or in weak vertical ranks (in 5 vertical ranks in L. linifolia)
→ 5
4. Leaf margins ciliolate; New Mexico, adjacent states
L. baileyi
4. Leaf margins eciliate; c New Mexico, adjacent Texas
L. pulchella
5. Twigs (and leaves) gland-dotted (in deep, circular, resin-filled pits); phyllaries (in spirals) unequal; involucres 4–5 mm; receptacles with 3–5 scales; nw Arizona
L. salicina
5. Twigs glabrous or finely scabrous; leaf faces glabrous, scabridulous, or gland-dotted (in shallow, resin-filled pits); phyllaries (in 5 vertical ranks or in weak vertical ranks); involucres 4.5–7.2 mm; receptacles with 0–2 scales or awns; n, c Arizona eastward
→ 6
6. Cypselae densely hairy; branches glabrous or scabridulous; leaves linear to lanceolate or oblong (widest proximally), glabrous; phyllaries in 5 vertical ranks; plants soboliferous; ne New Mexico northward
L. linifolia
6. Cypselae sparsely hairy; branches finely scabrous; leaves oblanceolate to spatulate (widest distally), scabridulous; phyllaries in weak vertical ranks; plants not soboliferous; s New Mexico, adjacent Texas
L. spathulata
Source FNA vol. 20, p. 179. FNA vol. 20, p. 177. Authors: Lowell E. Urbatsch, Roland P. Roberts, Kurt M. Neubig.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Lorandersonia Asteraceae > tribe Astereae
Sibling taxa
L. baileyi, L. microcephala, L. peirsonii, L. pulchella, L. salicina, L. spathulata
Subordinate taxa
L. baileyi, L. linifolia, L. microcephala, L. peirsonii, L. pulchella, L. salicina, L. spathulata
Synonyms Chrysothamnus linifolius, Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus subsp. linifolius
Name authority (Greene) Urbatsch: Sida 21: 1622. (2005) Urbatsch: Sida 21: 1619. (2005)
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