Lolium multiflorum
Lolium rigidum
annual ryegrass, Italian rye grass, ivraie multiflore, perennial ryegrass, Ray-grass d'italie
rigid Italian rye grass, stiff ryegrass, wimmera ryegrass
to 150 cm.
to 70 cm.
rolled in the bud;
blades usually 10-30 cm long, (2)3-8 (13) mm wide.
to 17 cm long, 0.5-5(8) mm wide.
15-45 cm, with 5-38 spikelets;
rachises 0.8-2 mm thick at the nodes, not flexuous.
3-30 cm, with 2-20 spikelets;
rachises 0.5-3.5 mm thick at the nodes, with the spikelets somewhat sunken in the rachises and partly concealed by the glumes.
8-31 mm long, 2-10 mm wide, with (10)11-22 florets.
5-18 mm long, 1-3(7) mm wide, with 2-8(11) florets.
5-18 mm, 1/4-1/2 as long as the florets, membranous to indurate;
lemmas 4-8.2 mm long, 1-2 mm wide, usually awned, awns to 15 mm, attached 0.2-0.7 mm below the apices, rarely unawned;
paleas shorter than to slightly longer than the lemmas;
anthers (2.5)3-4.5(5) mm.
4-20(30) mm, usually from 3/4 as long as to slightly exceeding the distal florets, rather indurate;
lemmas 3-8.5(10.5) mm long, 0.9-2 mm wide;
paleas slightly shorter than to slightly longer than the lemmas, usually unawned, sometimes awned, awns to 10 mm;
anthers 1.2-3.2 mm.
2.5-4 mm long, 0.7-1.5 mm wide, 3 or more times longer than wide.
2.7-5.5 mm long, 1-1.5 mm wide, 3 or more times longer than wide.
= 14.
= 14.
Lolium multiflorum
Lolium rigidum
Lolium multiflorum, a European species, now grows in most of the Flora region. It is planted as a cover crop, as a temporary lawn grass, for roadside restoration, and for soil or forage enrichment; it often escapes from cultivation, becoming established in disturbed sites.
Lolium multiflorum and L. perenne are interfertile and intergrade. Lolium multiflorum differs from L. perenne in being a taller, shorter-lived perennial or annual with wider leaves that are rolled, rather than folded, in the bud. Hybrids between the two species are called Lolium xhybridum Hausskn. Lolium multiflorum also hybridizes with L. rigidum; those hybrids are called Lolium xhubbardii Jansen & Wacht. ex B.K. Simon.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Lolium rigidum is native to Europe, North Africa, and western Asia. It has been found as a weed of roadsides and waste places at scattered locations in the contiguous United States and Canada.
Lolium rigidum intergrades with L. perenne, L. multiflorum, and, occasionally, L. temulentum. Hybrids with L. multiflorum are called Lolium xhubbardii Jansen & Wacht. ex B.K. Simon.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
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