Flora of North America species comparison

simple, 8–35 cm.

simple, 20–50 cm.

simple, 15–30 cm.

in basal rosette and cauline, basal 3-lobed, (segments 3–4-lobed, round), cauline (2–4), 3-lobed or -foliolate, much reduced, similar to basal, (segments or leaflets simple or 1–3-lobed, often with axillary bulbils);

stipules large, not decurrent on petiole, (margins fimbriate);

petiole 1–4(–8) cm;

blade green, orbiculate, base cordate, surfaces nearly glabrous or sparingly hairy.

in basal rosette and cauline, basal mostly 3-lobed, cauline (2–3), 3-foliolate, reduced, similar to basal (except lobes longer);

stipules large, decurrent on petiole base, (margins fimbriate);

petiole to 6 cm;

blade dark green, orbiculate, (base cuneate), surfaces nearly glabrous or sparsely to densely hairy.

in basal rosette and cauline, basal unlobed, irregularly 3–5-lobed, or digitately lobed, sometimes almost pinnatifid, cauline (2), deeply 3-lobed, appearing pinnatifid, much reduced, more highly dissected than basal;

stipules broad, decurrent on petiole base, (margins fimbriate);

petiole to 8 cm;

blade light green, orbiculate, (base hastate), surfaces sparsely hairy.

solitary flowers or erect, 2–5(–7)-flowered racemes, often appearing corymbose, rarely branched unless plant with bulbils, (8–20 cm, flowers sometimes replaced with bulbils).

2–3, nodding, 4–14-flowered racemes, simple.

1–5, (compact), erect, 3–12-flowered racemes, simple, (10–12 cm).

to 3–4 times length of hypanthium, (flowers long-pedicellate).

equaling or shorter than hypanthium.

shorter than hypanthium.

persistent, not fragrant, horizontal;

hypanthium narrowly campanulate with acute or hemispheric base, elongating slightly in fruit, throat open, (length 2 times diam.);

sepals erect in bud, widely spreading after anthesis, triangular;

petals (completely exserted), widely spreading, usually pink, rarely white, ovate, narrowly clawed, deeply and palmately 5-lobed, (without serrations at base, sinuses extending 4/5+ to base of lamina), 3.5–7 mm, ultimate margins entire;

ovary to 1/2 inferior;

styles slightly exserted in fruit;

stigma papillae apical.

deciduous if unfertilized, not fragrant, horizontal;

hypanthium obconic-elongate at anthesis, becoming very elongate in fruit, open at throat, (length 2 times diam.);

sepals erect, triangular;

petals (exserted), widely spreading, white or pink, often with prominent venation, obovate-rhombic, narrowly clawed, deeply 3-lobed, (usually with prominent sinuses extending 1/2+ to base), 7–16 mm, ultimate margins entire;

ovary 1/2+ inferior;

styles included in fruit;

stigma papillae in narrow subapical band.

persistent, not fragrant, slightly pendulous;

hypanthium campanulate or hemispheric, becoming elongate-campanulate in fruit, open at throat;

sepals erect in bud, widely spreading after anthesis, triangular;

petals (exserted), widely spreading, pink, sometimes white, ovate, narrowly clawed, palmately 5–7-lobed, (sinuses extending 1/3–1/2 distance to base), 3–7 mm, ultimate margins entire;

ovary to 1/2 inferior;

styles exserted slightly in fruit;

stigma papillae in narrow subapical band.

0.5–0.6 mm, tuberculate (tubercles in 3–19 rows, blunt or spinelike).

0.5–0.6 mm, wrinkled or smooth.

0.6–0.7 mm, smooth or wrinkled.

= 14, 28.

= 14, 21, 28, 35.

= 14, 35.