Flora of North America species comparison

simple, 20–40 cm.

simple, 8–35 cm.

in basal rosette and cauline, basal weakly 3-lobed, cauline (2), opposite, (1 pair), deeply 3-lobed, reduced, similar to basal;

stipules narrow, not decurrent on petiole, (margins fimbriate);

petiole to 9 cm;

blade dark green or reddish green, reniform, (base ligulate), surfaces sparsely hairy.

in basal rosette and cauline, basal 3-lobed, (segments 3–4-lobed, round), cauline (2–4), 3-lobed or -foliolate, much reduced, similar to basal, (segments or leaflets simple or 1–3-lobed, often with axillary bulbils);

stipules large, not decurrent on petiole, (margins fimbriate);

petiole 1–4(–8) cm;

blade green, orbiculate, base cordate, surfaces nearly glabrous or sparingly hairy.

solitary flowers or 1–3, (lax), nodding, 2–5(–8)-flowered racemes, simple, (10–40 cm).

solitary flowers or erect, 2–5(–7)-flowered racemes, often appearing corymbose, rarely branched unless plant with bulbils, (8–20 cm, flowers sometimes replaced with bulbils).

1.5–2 times longer than hypanthium.

to 3–4 times length of hypanthium, (flowers long-pedicellate).

persistent, fragrant, vertical;

hypanthium turbinate, elongating in fruit, open at throat, (length 2 times diam.);

sepals erect, becoming wide-spreading after anthesis, triangular;

petals (exserted), widely spreading, white, ovate, narrowly clawed, unlobed, (bowl-shaped), 4–8 mm, ultimate margins entire;

ovary 1/2 inferior;

styles included in fruit;

stigma papillae apical.

persistent, not fragrant, horizontal;

hypanthium narrowly campanulate with acute or hemispheric base, elongating slightly in fruit, throat open, (length 2 times diam.);

sepals erect in bud, widely spreading after anthesis, triangular;

petals (completely exserted), widely spreading, usually pink, rarely white, ovate, narrowly clawed, deeply and palmately 5-lobed, (without serrations at base, sinuses extending 4/5+ to base of lamina), 3.5–7 mm, ultimate margins entire;

ovary to 1/2 inferior;

styles slightly exserted in fruit;

stigma papillae apical.

0.4 mm, tuberculate (tubercles in 3–19 rows, blunt or spinelike).

0.5–0.6 mm, tuberculate (tubercles in 3–19 rows, blunt or spinelike).

= 14 + 1.

= 14, 28.