Flora of North America species comparison

branched, (rarely bearing bulbils in place of flowers), 25–85 cm.

simple, 20–55 cm.

in basal rosette and cauline, basal unlobed or 3–5-lobed, never deeply lobed, cauline (2–3+), alternate, often 3–4-lobed, much reduced, similar to basal, (rarely with axillary bulbils);

stipules small, not decurrent on petiole, (margins fimbriate);

petiole usually to 25 cm;

blade green, orbiculate, surfaces hairy.

in basal rosette and cauline, basal leaves 3–5-lobed, cauline (1–3), deeply 3-lobed, usually reduced, similar to basal;

stipules narrow, not decurrent on petiole base, (margins fimbriate);

petiole to 22 cm;

blade dark green, orbiculate to reniform, (base cordate), surfaces variously hairy.

1–3, erect, 3–5(–25)-flowered racemes, 2(–3)-branched, (10–85 cm).

1–9(–15), (often lax), nodding racemes, simple, 3–9(–15)-flowered, (10–60 cm).

equaling or shorter than hypanthium, (flowers long-pedicellate).

equaling or shorter than hypanthium.

persistent, fragrant, horizontal;

hypanthium narrowly campanulate with obtuse base, usually not elongating in fruit, throat open, (length 2 times diam.);

sepals erect in bud, widely spreading after anthesis, triangular;

petals (completely exserted), widely spreading, white, ovate-elliptic, narrowly clawed, usually unlobed with serrations at base, sometimes 3–5-lobed, 4–7 mm, ultimate margins entire;

ovary to 1/2 inferior;

styles slightly exerted in fruit;

stigma papillae apical.

deciduous if unfertilized, not fragrant, horizontal;

hypanthium obconic, elongating in fruit, throat constricted or partially open, (length 2 times diam.);

sepals erect, often remaining slightly erect in fruit, triangular;

petals (exserted), not widely spreading, white with obscure venation, ovate-elliptic, narrowly clawed, usually shallowly 3-lobed, rarely unlobed, (sinuses extending to 1/2 distance to base), 4–13 mm, ultimate margins entire, sometimes with extra tooth, (lobes acute);

ovary ± completely inferior;

styles included in fruit;

stigma papillae in narrow subapical, sometimes apical bands.

0.3–5 mm, tuberculate (tubercles in 3–19 rows, spinelike).

0.5–0.6 mm, smooth, sometimes rough.

= 14, 28, 35, 42.

= 14, 21, 28, 35.