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bog twayblade, fen orchid, Loesel's liparis, Loesel's twayblade, Loesel's wide-lipped orchid, yellow wide-lip orchid

liparis, twayblade, widelip orchid

Habit Plants 6–26 cm. Herbs, perennial, terrestrial [lithophytic or epiphytic].
Roots

slender, fibrous;

pseudobulbs green, conic, ovoid, or ellipsoid, slightly compressed, soft (2 pseudobulbs typically present, parent pseudobulb enveloped in old leaf-bases, connected laterally by short rhizome to daughter pseudobulb, which gives rise to current year’s stem, parent pseudobulb often retaining dried stem of previous year).

Stems

pale green or yellowish green, angled, sometimes obscurely winged or fluted distally.

somewhat angled, slender, glabrous;

cauline bracts 2(–3), enclosing base of stem.

Leaves

2;

blade conduplicate, green, glossy, oblong-elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate, keeled abaxially, 3.7–18 × 1–4 cm, succulent, apex obtuse to subacute.

2 or 3–7, basal, sheathing pseudobulb and proximal part of stem, conduplicate or plicate, glabrous.

Inflorescences

2–10 cm;

floral bracts subulate, minute, 2 × 1 mm, apex acute;

pedicels slender, 3–5 mm.

terminal, 3–40-flowered racemes, lax;

peduncle and rachis glabrous;

floral bracts subulate to triangular-lanceolate.

Flowers

2–15, green or yellowish green to yellowish white or greenish white;

dorsal sepal oblong-lanceolate to narrowly lanceolate, 4.5–6 × 1–2 mm, apex obtuse to acute;

lateral sepals oblong-lanceolate to narrowly lanceolate, 4.5–5.5 × 1–2.2 mm, apex obtuse to acute;

petals pendent, slightly curved, tubular, filiform, 4.5–5.5 × 0.5–1 mm, margins strongly revolute;

lip translucent to opaque, green or yellowish green to yellowish white, obovate to oblong to suborbiculate, 4–5.5 × 2.2–3.5 mm, base narrowly cuneate, slightly auriculate, margins crenulate-wavy, apex subtruncate to obtuse, mucronate;

disc with central elongate thickening;

column short, stout, 2–3 × 0.5–1 mm, winged apically;

anthers yellow;

pollinia yellow.

resupinate, maroon-purple, yellowish green, or green, pedicellate;

dorsal sepal oblong-elliptic, linear-oblong, oblong-lanceolate, or lanceolate, margins revolute, apex obtuse to acute;

lateral sepals oblong-lanceolate, lanceolate, ovate-oblong, or elliptic, falcate or not, margins revolute or involute, apex obtuse to acute;

petals filiform, linear, linear-oblanceolate, or narrowly spatulate, tubular or strongly revolute;

lip strongly arcuate-recurved, obcordate, oblong-flabellate, or suborbiculate, base broadly cuneate, slightly auriculate, apex emarginate or subtruncate, mucronate or not, apical margins erose-serrulate to crenulate-wavy;

column arcuate, slender to stout, weakly to strongly winged at apex;

anther apical, anther cap yellow or green;

pollinia 2 pairs, yellow, waxy.

Fruits

capsules, erect, ellipsoid to ovoid, obscurely to prominently winged, glabrous.

Capsules

pedicel 3–7 mm;

body obovate to ellipsoid, 9–13 × 3–6 mm, veins often slightly winged.

Pseudobulbs

ovoid, 10 × 5 mm, sheathed by bracts and persistent leaf bases, previous year’s pseudobulb usually present, connected by short rhizome.

2n

= 32, 26.

Liparis loeselii

Liparis

Phenology Flowering May–Aug.
Habitat Cool, moist ravines, bogs, or fens, wet peaty or sandy meadows, and exposed sand along edges of lakes, often colonizing previously open and disturbed habitats during early and middle stages of reforestation
Elevation 100–1100 m (300–3600 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; CT; DE; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; TN; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; BC; MB; NB; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; SK; w Europe; c Europe
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from USDA
Nearly worldwide
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Liparis loeselii is such a small orchid that it can be easily overlooked; it may have a wider distribution than has been reported. Rain-assisted self-pollination in this species was described by P. M. Catling (1980).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Species 250 (3 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Leaves 3–7, membranaceous, plicate; anthers bright green; pedicels stout.
L. nervosa
1. Leaves 2, succulent, conduplicate; anthers yellow; pedicels slender.
→ 2
2. Lip 8–12 mm, mauve purplish, rarely green; column 3–4 mm; pedicels of fruiting capsules 11–18 mm.
L. liliifolia
2. Lip 4–5.5 mm, green or yellowish green to yellowish white; column 2–3 mm; pedicels of fruiting capsules 3–7 mm.
L. loeselii
Source FNA vol. 26, p. 626. FNA vol. 26, p. 624. Author: Lawrence K. Magrath.
Parent taxa Orchidaceae > subfam. Epidendroideae > tribe Malaxideae > Liparis Orchidaceae > subfam. Epidendroideae > tribe Malaxideae
Sibling taxa
L. liliifolia, L. nervosa
Subordinate taxa
L. liliifolia, L. loeselii, L. nervosa
Synonyms Ophrys loeselii, Leptorchis loeselii, L. correana, Malaxis correana, Malaxis longifolia
Name authority (Linnaeus) Richard: De Orchid. Eur., 38. (1817) Richard: De Orchid. Eur., 21, 30, 38. (1817)
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