Linum virginianum |
Linum grandiflorum |
|
---|---|---|
Virginia yellow flax, woodland flax, woodland yellow flax |
flowering flax, flowering or red or scarlet or crimson flax, red flax, scarlet flax |
|
Habit | Herbs, perennial, 15–80 cm, glabrous. | Herbs, annual, 10–60 cm, glabrous, glaucous. |
Stems | erect, branches 1–several from base, unbranched proximal to inflorescence. |
ascending or sometimes decumbent at base, usually freely branched. |
Leaves | proximal 4–10 pairs opposite, distal alternate, erect to spreading; stipular glands absent; blade of proximal leaves spatulate, central and distal elliptic, oblanceolate, or obovate, 15–25 × 3–7 mm, margins entire, not ciliate, apex acute to apiculate. |
blade linear to lanceolate or narrowly elliptic, 10–30 × 2–3(–7) mm. |
Inflorescences | corymbs. |
cymes, few-flowered. |
Pedicels | 1–10 mm. |
10–25 mm. |
Flowers | sepals persistent, lanceolate-ovate, inner shorter, broader, thinner than outer, outer sepals 2–4 mm, margins not scarious, inner sepals usually with a few small, sessile glands along margin distal to middle, rarely eglandular, outer ones entire, apex acute to acuminate; petals yellow, obovate (sometimes notched at apex), 3–5.5 mm; stamens 1.2–3 mm; anthers 0.5–1 mm; staminodia absent; styles distinct, 1–2 mm; stigmas capitate. |
heterostylous; sepals lanceolate, 7–11 mm, margins glabrous, apex acuminate; petals bright red to maroon, fading to purple, broadly obovate, 15–30 mm; stamens 8–10 mm; anthers 5 mm; staminodia not seen; styles connate proximal 1/2, 4.5 mm (short-styled) or 8–10 mm (long-styled); stigmas clavate. |
Capsules | globose, carpels flattened or ± concave abaxially, 1.3–1.8 × 2–2.5 mm, apex depressed, dehiscing freely into 10, 1-seeded segments, segments falling freely, false septa nearly complete, proximal margins usually sparsely and inconspicuously few-ciliate. |
ovoid-globose, 6–7 mm diam., apex apiculate, segments persistent on plant, margins not seen. |
Seeds | 1–1.5 × 0.6–0.9 mm. |
2–3 × 0.5–1 mm. |
2n | = 36. |
= 16. |
Linum virginianum |
Linum grandiflorum |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jun–Oct. | Flowering Apr–Sep. |
Habitat | Open woods, fields, thickets, roadsides. | Disturbed areas. |
Elevation | 0–800 m. (0–2600 ft.) | 0–2700 m. (0–8900 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; CT; DC; DE; GA; IA; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; MI; MO; NC; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; SC; TN; VA; WV; ON
|
CA; CO; FL; KY; NE; NY; OH; PA; TX; UT; n Africa [Introduced in North America]
|
Discussion | Linum virginianum lacks prominent marginal teeth on the inner sepals, thus distinguishing it from L. striatum. It has a less elongate inflorescence and lacks the ribbed branchlets found in L. striatum (C. M. Rogers 1984). The corollas of L. virginianum are nearly rotate; all parts of the flower are yellow except the brownish anthers. Its capsules shatter readily and often are absent on herbarium sheets. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Linum grandiflorum occasionally escapes from gardens and persists along roadsides and trails. This showy garden plant has blue anthers. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 385. | FNA vol. 12, p. 377. |
Parent taxa | Linaceae > Linum > sect. Linopsis | Linaceae > Linum > sect. Linum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Cathartolinum virginianum | |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 279. (1753) | Desfontaines: Fl. Atlant. 1: 277, plate 78. (1798) |
Web links |