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slenderfoot flax, sprucemont flax, Utah yellow flax

blue flax, blue garden flax, perennial blue flax, perennial flax, western blue flax

Habit Herbs, annual or perennial, 15–50 cm, glabrous and glaucous. Herbs, perennial, 20–100 cm, glabrous.
Stems

stiffly spreading-ascending, branched at base and distal to middle.

ascending or erect, usually unbranched.

Leaves

alternate or proximalmost opposite, crowded at base, appressed-ascending;

stipular glands absent;

blade oblanceolate to lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, 8–17 × 1.2–2.3 mm, margins entire, not ciliate, apex apiculate.

blade linear or linear-lanceolate, 5–20 × 1–3 mm.

Inflorescences

few-flowered racemes.

much-branched panicles.

Pedicels

(5–)20–30(–60) mm.

spreading, 5–25 mm.

Flowers

sepals persistent, lanceolate to lance-ovate, 4.5–7 mm, margins narrowly scarious, inner sepals conspicuously toothed, outer ones very coarsely glandular-toothed, sometimes sparsely so, apex acuminate or narrowly acute;

petals lemon yellow, obovate, 9–15 mm;

stamens 5–7 mm;

anthers 1–2 mm;

staminodia absent;

styles connate to within 0.8–3 mm of apex, 5.7–9 mm;

stigmas capitate.

heterostylous;

inner sepals ovate-lanceolate or ovate, 4.5–5.5 mm, margins glabrous, apex obtuse, outer ones lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, 3.5–4.5 mm, narrower than inner ones, margins glabrous, apex acute or acuminate;

petals blue, obovate or obovate-lanceolate, 10–25 mm;

stamens 5 mm, anthers 2 mm (long-styled morph) or stamens 6.5 mm, anthers 1.8 mm (short-styled morph);

styles distinct, 8 mm (long-styled morph) or 2.5 mm (short-styled morph);

stigmas capitate.

Capsules

ovoid (distinctly longer than broad), 3.5–4.6 × 2.5–3.1 mm, apex sharp-pointed, dehiscing completely into 5, 2-seeded segments (very easily crushed), segments persistent on plant, false septa incomplete, proximal margins terminating in loose fringe, cartilaginous plates at base of segments poorly developed.

subglobose, 5–7 mm diam., apex acute to obtuse, segments persistent on plant, margins ciliate or not.

Seeds

2.5–3 × 0.9–1.2 mm.

3–4.2 × 1.7–2 mm.

2n

= 30.

= 18.

Linum subteres

Linum perenne

Phenology Flowering May–Aug. Flowering Mar–Aug.
Habitat Sandy soils, clay, sagebrush and pinyon-juniper zones. Disturbed areas.
Elevation 1300–2200 m. (4300–7200 ft.) 100–1000 m. (300–3300 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; NM; NV; UT
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; CO; IA; ID; IL; ME; MI; MT; NE; NV; NY; OH; OR; PA; UT; VA; WI; WV; BC; ON; YT; Eurasia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico (Sonora)]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Linum subteres is most closely related to L. vernale; it has lemon yellow petals, rather than orange to salmon-colored with a maroon base, and relatively thick, crowded, broad basal leaves (C. M. Rogers 1984). Leaves on the proximal half of each stem are closely spaced and imbricate; distal branches and inflorescence are widely spaced and subtended by closely appressed, relatively long, narrow leaves or bracts, giving the upper part of the plant a leafless look.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Most collections in North America identified as Linum perenne are most likely L. lewisii var. lewisii (D. J. Ockendon 1971; C. M. Rogers 1984). According to Ockendon, L. perenne is often confused with L. austriacum Linnaeus in Europe; its exact native distribution is not known.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 12, p. 387. FNA vol. 12, p. 376.
Parent taxa Linaceae > Linum > sect. Linopsis Linaceae > Linum > sect. Linum
Sibling taxa
L. alatum, L. allredii, L. arenicola, L. aristatum, L. australe, L. berlandieri, L. bienne, L. carteri, L. catharticum, L. compactum, L. elongatum, L. floridanum, L. grandiflorum, L. harperi, L. hudsonioides, L. imbricatum, L. intercursum, L. kingii, L. lewisii, L. lundellii, L. macrocarpum, L. medium, L. neomexicanum, L. perenne, L. pratense, L. puberulum, L. rigidum, L. rupestre, L. schiedeanum, L. striatum, L. sulcatum, L. trigynum, L. usitatissimum, L. vernale, L. virginianum, L. westii
L. alatum, L. allredii, L. arenicola, L. aristatum, L. australe, L. berlandieri, L. bienne, L. carteri, L. catharticum, L. compactum, L. elongatum, L. floridanum, L. grandiflorum, L. harperi, L. hudsonioides, L. imbricatum, L. intercursum, L. kingii, L. lewisii, L. lundellii, L. macrocarpum, L. medium, L. neomexicanum, L. pratense, L. puberulum, L. rigidum, L. rupestre, L. schiedeanum, L. striatum, L. subteres, L. sulcatum, L. trigynum, L. usitatissimum, L. vernale, L. virginianum, L. westii
Synonyms L. aristatum var. subteres, L. leptopoda
Name authority (Trelease) H. J. P. Winkler: in H. G. A. Engler et al., Nat. Pflanzenfam. ed. 2, 19a: 116. (1931) Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 277. (1753)
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