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rock flax

blue flax, blue garden flax, perennial blue flax, perennial flax, western blue flax

Habit Herbs, perennial, 20–75 cm, glabrous or rarely sparsely hairy proximally. Herbs, perennial, 20–100 cm, glabrous.
Stems

erect, branched at base and in inflorescence.

ascending or erect, usually unbranched.

Leaves

opposite near base or alternate throughout, appressed-ascending;

stipular glands present;

blade linear to linear-lanceolate, 8–20 × 0.5–2.1 mm, margins entire or with scattered minute marginal glands, not ciliate, apex acute; 1-nerved.

blade linear or linear-lanceolate, 5–20 × 1–3 mm.

Inflorescences

panicles, with ascending to spreading branches.

much-branched panicles.

Pedicels

0–3 mm.

spreading, 5–25 mm.

Flowers

sepals persistent, lanceolate to ovate, 2.5–5 mm, margins of inner sepals narrowly scarious, conspicuously glandular-toothed, apex acute or acuminate;

petals lemon yellow, oblanceolate or narrowly obcordate, 7–11 mm;

stamens 2–8 mm;

anthers 0.5–1 mm;

staminodia present;

styles distinct, 3–6.5 mm;

stigmas capitate.

heterostylous;

inner sepals ovate-lanceolate or ovate, 4.5–5.5 mm, margins glabrous, apex obtuse, outer ones lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, 3.5–4.5 mm, narrower than inner ones, margins glabrous, apex acute or acuminate;

petals blue, obovate or obovate-lanceolate, 10–25 mm;

stamens 5 mm, anthers 2 mm (long-styled morph) or stamens 6.5 mm, anthers 1.8 mm (short-styled morph);

styles distinct, 8 mm (long-styled morph) or 2.5 mm (short-styled morph);

stigmas capitate.

Capsules

ovoid, 2–3 × 2–2.5 mm, apex sharp-pointed, dehiscing readily into 10, 1-seeded segments, segments falling freely, false septa incomplete, false and true septa margins ciliate.

subglobose, 5–7 mm diam., apex acute to obtuse, segments persistent on plant, margins ciliate or not.

Seeds

1.2–1.9 × 0.7–1.1 mm.

3–4.2 × 1.7–2 mm.

2n

= 36.

= 18.

Linum rupestre

Linum perenne

Phenology Flowering Apr–Aug. Flowering Mar–Aug.
Habitat Sandy soils, rocky slopes and ledges, often on limestone. Disturbed areas.
Elevation 150–1500 m. (500–4900 ft.) 100–1000 m. (300–3300 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
NM; TX; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo León); Central America (Guatemala)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; CO; IA; ID; IL; ME; MI; MT; NE; NV; NY; OH; OR; PA; UT; VA; WI; WV; BC; ON; YT; Eurasia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico (Sonora)]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Linum rupestre has narrowly funnelform corollas and yellow stamens and styles. The anthers and stigmas are held closely adjacent at the mouth of the corolla tube, below the broad, spreading limbs. The species occurs from southeastern New Mexico and central Texas to Guatemala. It often grows with L. schiedeanum in Texas and Mexico.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Most collections in North America identified as Linum perenne are most likely L. lewisii var. lewisii (D. J. Ockendon 1971; C. M. Rogers 1984). According to Ockendon, L. perenne is often confused with L. austriacum Linnaeus in Europe; its exact native distribution is not known.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 12, p. 381. FNA vol. 12, p. 376.
Parent taxa Linaceae > Linum > sect. Linopsis Linaceae > Linum > sect. Linum
Sibling taxa
L. alatum, L. allredii, L. arenicola, L. aristatum, L. australe, L. berlandieri, L. bienne, L. carteri, L. catharticum, L. compactum, L. elongatum, L. floridanum, L. grandiflorum, L. harperi, L. hudsonioides, L. imbricatum, L. intercursum, L. kingii, L. lewisii, L. lundellii, L. macrocarpum, L. medium, L. neomexicanum, L. perenne, L. pratense, L. puberulum, L. rigidum, L. schiedeanum, L. striatum, L. subteres, L. sulcatum, L. trigynum, L. usitatissimum, L. vernale, L. virginianum, L. westii
L. alatum, L. allredii, L. arenicola, L. aristatum, L. australe, L. berlandieri, L. bienne, L. carteri, L. catharticum, L. compactum, L. elongatum, L. floridanum, L. grandiflorum, L. harperi, L. hudsonioides, L. imbricatum, L. intercursum, L. kingii, L. lewisii, L. lundellii, L. macrocarpum, L. medium, L. neomexicanum, L. pratense, L. puberulum, L. rigidum, L. rupestre, L. schiedeanum, L. striatum, L. subteres, L. sulcatum, L. trigynum, L. usitatissimum, L. vernale, L. virginianum, L. westii
Name authority Engelmann ex A. Gray: Boston J. Nat. Hist. 6: 232. (1850) Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 277. (1753)
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