Linum rupestre |
Linaceae |
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rock flax |
flax family |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, 20–75 cm, glabrous or rarely sparsely hairy proximally. | Herbs or subshrubs [shrubs, trees, vines], annual, biennial, or perennial. | ||||||||||||
Stems | erect, branched at base and in inflorescence. |
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Leaves | opposite near base or alternate throughout, appressed-ascending; stipular glands present; blade linear to linear-lanceolate, 8–20 × 0.5–2.1 mm, margins entire or with scattered minute marginal glands, not ciliate, apex acute; 1-nerved. |
alternate, opposite, or whorled, simple; stipules absent or present as small, dark, spheric glands; petiole usually absent, rarely present; blade margins entire, serrate, or denticulate; venation pinnate. |
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Inflorescences | panicles, with ascending to spreading branches. |
terminal, racemes, panicles, or cymes (rarely thyrses or corymbs in Linum) [spikes]. |
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Pedicels | 0–3 mm. |
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Flowers | sepals persistent, lanceolate to ovate, 2.5–5 mm, margins of inner sepals narrowly scarious, conspicuously glandular-toothed, apex acute or acuminate; petals lemon yellow, oblanceolate or narrowly obcordate, 7–11 mm; stamens 2–8 mm; anthers 0.5–1 mm; staminodia present; styles distinct, 3–6.5 mm; stigmas capitate. |
bisexual; perianth and androecium hypogynous; hypanthium absent; sepals 4–5, connate basally [distinct]; petals 4–5, distinct or coherent basally, imbricate or convolute, bases sometimes with appendages; nectary extrastaminal; stamens 4–5 [10], connate basally, filament tube and petal bases adherent or adnate [free]; anthers dehiscing by longitudinal slits; pistil 1, 2–5-carpellate, ovary superior, 4–5-locular, placentation axile or apical-axile; ovules 2 per locule, anatropous; styles 2–5, distinct or partly connate; stigmas 2–5. |
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Fruits | capsules, dehiscence septicidal, or indehiscent or schizocarps breaking into 4 nutlets (Sclerolinon). |
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Capsules | ovoid, 2–3 × 2–2.5 mm, apex sharp-pointed, dehiscing readily into 10, 1-seeded segments, segments falling freely, false septa incomplete, false and true septa margins ciliate. |
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Seeds | 1.2–1.9 × 0.7–1.1 mm. |
2 per locule, seed coat often mucilaginous. |
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2n | = 36. |
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Linum rupestre |
Linaceae |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Aug. | |||||||||||||
Habitat | Sandy soils, rocky slopes and ledges, often on limestone. | |||||||||||||
Elevation | 150–1500 m. (500–4900 ft.) | |||||||||||||
Distribution |
NM; TX; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo León); Central America (Guatemala)
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North America; Mexico; Central America; South America; West Indies; Bermuda; Eurasia; Africa; Atlantic Islands; Pacific Islands; Australia |
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Discussion | Linum rupestre has narrowly funnelform corollas and yellow stamens and styles. The anthers and stigmas are held closely adjacent at the mouth of the corolla tube, below the broad, spreading limbs. The species occurs from southeastern New Mexico and central Texas to Guatemala. It often grows with L. schiedeanum in Texas and Mexico. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Genera 10–14, species ca. 260 (4 genera, 52 species in the flora). Two subfamilies are generally recognized in Linaceae, the mostly herbaceous, temperate Linoideae Arnott (8 genera, ca. 240 species), in which all the genera in the flora area are placed, and the woody, mostly tropical Hugonoideae Reveal. Based on molecular phylogenetic analysis, J. R. McDill et al. (2009) concluded that Linaceae is a monophyletic group, as is Linoideae. According to J. R. McDill (2009), Cliococca Babington, Hesperolinon, and Sclerolinon are nested within Linum sect. Linopsis, and collectively these are sister to Radiola; Hesperolinon and Sclerolinon are most closely related to Mexican and Central American species of Linum. McDill et al. (2009) noted that the relationships within this clade are not well-enough resolved or supported to warrant nomenclatural changes; McDill (2009) came to the same conclusion based on a much wider sample of species. The current generic circumscriptions are maintained here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 381. | FNA vol. 12, p. 371. | ||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Linaceae > Linum > sect. Linopsis | |||||||||||||
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Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||
Name authority | Engelmann ex A. Gray: Boston J. Nat. Hist. 6: 232. (1850) | de Candolle ex Perleb | ||||||||||||
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