Linum rigidum |
Linum medium |
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stiffstem flax |
common yellow flax, stiff yellow flax |
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Habit | Herbs, annual, 15–50 cm, glabrous throughout or puberulent near base of stem. | Herbs, usually perennial, rarely annual, 10–80 cm, glabrous. | ||||||||
Stems | erect, branches few, fastigiate or spreading-ascending. |
erect, usually multiple from base, unbranched proximal to inflorescence. |
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Leaves | alternate, erect; stipular glands present or absent; blade linear, 11–30 × 0.7–1.6 mm, margins entire or distally sparsely toothed, not ciliate, apex acute. |
proximal 3–20 pairs opposite, distal alternate, rarely (in northern plants) opposite nearly to inflorescence, erect to appressed; stipular glands absent; blade narrowly lanceolate to oblanceolate, 10–25 × 1.5–5.5 mm, margins entire, not ciliate, apex obtuse or apiculate. |
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Inflorescences | panicles or cymes. |
corymbs. |
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Pedicels | 4.5–9 mm. |
0–5 mm. |
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Flowers | sepals deciduous, lanceolate to broadly lanceolate, 5.5–9.5 mm, margins of inner sepals conspicuously scarious, all conspicuously glandular-toothed, apex sharply acute to acuminate; petals coppery yellow or orange, red-lined or with short pale to deep brown-red zone at base, obovate with short claw, 6–18 mm; stamens 6–8 mm; anthers 1–1.8(–2.3) mm; staminodia absent; styles connate nearly to apex, 3–11 mm; stigmas pale, capitate. |
sepals persistent, lanceolate, inner somewhat shorter, broader than outer, outer sepals 2–5 mm, margins not scarious, inner usually glandular-toothed, rarely entire, outer entire, apex acute; petals lemon yellow, obovate, 4.5–8 mm; stamens 2.5 mm; anthers 0.5–l.3 mm; staminodia absent; styles distinct, 1–3 mm; stigmas capitate. |
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Capsules | ellipsoid, 3.5–4.5 × 2.6–3.4 mm, apex obtuse, dehiscing into 5, 2-seeded segments, segments blunt or subacute, persistent on plant, false septa complete, proximal part membranaceous, not terminating in loose fringe, distal part cartilaginous, margins not ciliate. |
depressed-globose, 1.6–2.3 × 2–2.5 mm, apex depressed, tardily (or readily in var. medium) dehiscing into 10, 1-seeded segments, segments usually persistent on plant, false septa nearly complete, proximal margins not ciliate. |
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Seeds | 2.6–3.6 × 0.9–1.2 mm. |
1.3–1.7 × 0.6–0.8 mm. |
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2n | = 30. |
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Linum rigidum |
Linum medium |
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Distribution |
AR; CO; IA; IL; KS; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NM; OK; SD; TX; WI; WY; AB; MB; SK; n Mexico
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AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; ON; West Indies (Bahamas)
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Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). The corollas of Linum rigidum are funnelform at the base, opening out into a broader bowl. The styles and stamens are yellow, although the distinct portion of the style may be slightly maroon; the stigmas are grayish or light green. The stems of L. rigidum are angled. Its capsule walls are so thin that the dark seeds can be seen through them. C. M. Rogers (1984) noted that L. australe, L. berlandieri, L. compactum, and both varieties of L. rigidum are closely related, and that there is some overlap in character expressions, not easily resolved in a dichotomous key. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). The corollas of Linum medium are broadly funnelform to nearly rotate, with all flower parts yellow except the brownish anthers. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 391. | FNA vol. 12, p. 384. | ||||||||
Parent taxa | Linaceae > Linum > sect. Linopsis | Linaceae > Linum > sect. Linopsis | ||||||||
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Synonyms | L. virginianum var. medium, Cathartolinum medium | |||||||||
Name authority | Pursh: Fl. Amer. Sept. 1: 210. (1813) | (Planchon) Britton: in N. L. Britton and A. Brown, Ill. Fl. N. U.S. 2: 349. (1897) | ||||||||
Web links |