desert flax, hairy flax, plains flax
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Herbs, annual or short-lived perennial, 4–25 cm, densely and finely gray-puberulent throughout. |
Herbs or subshrubs, annual or perennial, rarely with woody caudex. |
ascending, branched at base, herbaceous throughout. |
terete, ridged, or sulcate. |
alternate or sometimes proximal leaves opposite, appressed-ascending; stipular glands present (conspicuous); blade linear, 7–20 × 0.6–1.5 mm, margins entire or distal leaves sparsely glandular-toothed, ciliate, apex acute; 1-nerved. |
alternate, opposite, or whorled; stipular glands present or absent; blade margins entire or glandular-toothed, sometimes ciliate. |
open panicles. |
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5–10 mm. |
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sepals falling tardily, lanceolate, 4–7 mm, margins of inner sepals scarious, glandular-toothed, apex acute to acuminate, puberulent at least on midrib; outer 3-nerved; petals yellowish orange to salmon, with maroon or reddish base, obcordate or broadly obovate, 9–15 mm; stamens 4–7 mm; anthers 0.6–1.4 mm; staminodia absent; styles connate nearly to apex, 3–7 mm; stigmas dark, capitate. |
homostylous; sepals persistent or deciduous, margins scarious or not, glandular-toothed or not; petals yellow, sometimes with maroon at base; staminodia present or absent; styles distinct or connate nearly to apex; stigmas usually capitate, rarely linear. |
ovoid-ellipsoid, 3.5–4 × 2.5–5 mm, apex obtuse, dehiscing into 5, 2-seeded segments, segments persistent on plant, false septa complete, proximal margin not terminating in loose fringe, distal part cartilaginous, margins ciliate. |
dehiscing into 10, 1-seeded segments or 5, 2-seeded segments; false septa incomplete to complete. |
1.5–3 × 0.9–1.3 mm. |
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tricolpate or multiporate. |
= 30. |
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Flowering May–Oct. |
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Dry, open areas, rocky, sandy, limestone, gypsum, or sometimes clay soils. |
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300–2500 m. (1000–8200 ft.) |
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AZ; CA; CO; NE; NM; NV; TX; UT; WY; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Sonora)
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Nearly worldwide |
Corollas of Linum puberulum are broadly bowl-shaped. The filaments and styles are pale pink; the stigmas are dark maroon. The pollen is bright yellow; on herbarium specimens, the anthers are golden yellow to orangish yellow, drying darker. In some flowers of L. puberulum, the styles seem to be eccentric. C. M. Rogers (1968) noted that L. puberulum is the only hairy species of Linum in western North America with united styles; its gray indument and complete false septa differentiate it from L. vernale, which is glabrous and has incomplete false septa. Linum puberulum is fairly common in the Rocky Mountain foothills and high plains; it occurs in the mountains in the eastern Mojave Desert. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Species ca. 85 (30 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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| → 2 |
2. Stigmas linear [subsect. Halolinum]. | L. trigynum |
2. Stigmas capitate [subsect. Linopsis]. | → 3 |
3. Stipular glands present [ser. Linopsis]. | → 4 |
4. Proximal leaves in whorls of 4. | L. schiedeanum |
4. Proximal leaves opposite or alternate. | → 5 |
5. Styles 2–3 mm; petals 4–6.5 mm; Florida. | L. arenicola |
5. Styles 3–6.5 mm; petals 7–11 mm; New Mexico, Texas. | L. rupestre |
3. Stipular glands absent. | → 6 |
6. False septa incomplete, proximal margins ciliate. | → 7 |
7. Capsules turbinate, 2–3 mm; anthers 0.5–1 mm; c, e United States [ser. Virginianum (in part)]. | L. intercursum |
7. Capsules triangular-ovoid to broadly ovoid or ovoid-pyriform, 2.3–4 mm; anthers 1–2.5 mm; w United States [ser. Neomexicana]. | → 8 |
8. Annuals, 15–60 cm; inflorescences thyrses; styles 1.5–3 mm; capsule apices obtuse. | L. neomexicanum |
8. Perennials, 5–30 cm; inflorescences panicles or thyrses; styles 4–7 mm; capsule apices pointed. | L. kingii |
6. False septa nearly complete, proximal margins sparsely or not ciliate [ser. Virginianum (in part)]. | → 9 |
9. Capsules 1.3–2.3 mm, depressed-globose (broader than long) or globose, apices depressed. | → 10 |
10. Margins of inner sepals usually glandular-toothed, rarely entire; mature capsule segments usually persistent on plant. | L. medium |
10. Margins of inner sepals eglandular or with a few small sessile glands; mature capsule segments falling freely. | → 11 |
11. Inflorescences corymbs; pedicels 1–10 mm; carpels flattened or ± concave abaxially. | L. virginianum |
11. Inflorescences panicles; pedicels 0–4 mm; carpels convex abaxially. | L. striatum |
9. Capsules 2–3.9 mm, either pyriform to ovoid or subglobose, apices abruptly short-pointed, obtuse, or 5-apiculate. | → 12 |
12. Leaves mostly opposite; capsules subglobose, apices abruptly short-pointed. | L. westii |
12. Leaves: proximal usually opposite, distal alternate, rarely all alternate; capsules pyriform to ovoid, apices obtuse or minutely 5-apiculate. | → 13 |
13. Margins of inner sepals entire; capsules 3.4–3.9 mm; seeds 2.8–3 mm. | L. macrocarpum |
13. Margins of inner sepals glandular-toothed; capsules 2–3.4 mm; seeds 1.6–2.5 mm. | L. floridanum |
1. Styles connate [subsect. Rigida]. | → 14 |
14. Capsules dehiscing into 10, 1-seeded segments; sepals persistent [ser. Sulcata]. | → 15 |
15. Sepals (3.1–)3.6–5(–7.3) mm, apices acuminate. | L. sulcatum |
15. Sepals 2.3–3.7 mm, apices acute. | L. harperi |
14. Capsules dehiscing into 5, 2-seeded segments; sepals deciduous or persistent [ser. Rigida]. | → 16 |
16. Sepal margins not glandular-toothed. | → 17 |
17. Distal leaves and bracts not ciliate; capsule false septa entirely hyaline, or with cartilaginous portion very narrow, uniform, distal. | L. hudsonioides |
17. Distal leaves and bracts sparsely ciliate; capsule false septa with cartilaginous portion conspicuously broader near base. | L. imbricatum |
16. Sepal margins (some or all) glandular-toothed. | → 18 |
18. Outer sepals ovate or obovate, margins undulate or crenate, with sessile gland near summit of each crenation. | L. alatum |
18. Outer sepals linear, linear-lanceolate, lanceolate, or narrowly ovate, margins glandular-toothed. | → 19 |
19. False septa incomplete, proximal margins terminating in loose fringe; sepals persistent. | → 20 |
20. Styles connate to within 0.8–3 mm of apex; pedicels (5–)20–30(–60) mm; stipular glands absent. | L. subteres |
20. Styles connate to within 0.2 mm of apex; pedicels 2–12 mm; stipular glands usually present. | L. vernale |
19. False septa complete, proximal margins not terminating in loose fringe; sepals usually deciduous. | → 21 |
21. Plants gray-puberulent throughout or puberulent or glabrescent in proximal 1/3. | → 22 |
22. Herbs, annual or short-lived perennial, gray-puberulent throughout. | L. puberulum |
22. Subshrubs, puberulent or glabrescent in proximal 1/3, otherwise glabrous. | L. allredii |
21. Plants glabrous, glabrate, scabrous, or puberulent or hirsutulous at base. | → 23 |
23. Sepals linear-lanceolate. | → 24 |
24. Petals obovate; stamens 5–7 mm; styles 4.5–7 mm. | L. aristatum |
24. Petals obcordate; stamens 4–5 mm; styles 3–4 mm. | L. lundellii |
23. Sepals lanceolate to narrowly ovate. | → 25 |
25. Stipular glands usually absent. | → 26 |
26. Styles 2.5–4 mm, petals 6–11 mm. | L. compactum |
26. Styles 3–11 mm, petals 10–18 mm. | → 27 |
27. Petals coppery yellow or orange, red-lined or with short pale to deep brown-red zone at base; styles 5–11 mm; sepal apices sharply acute to acuminate; w, c North America. | L. rigidum |
27. Petals orange-yellow throughout; styles 4–6 mm; sepal apices short-awned; s Florida. | L. carteri |
25. Stipular glands usually present at least at some nodes. | → 28 |
| → 29 |
29. Petals with prominent wine-colored band proximal to middle. | L. elongatum |
29. Petals reddish below middle. | L. berlandieri |
| → 30 |
30. Sepal apices aristate; petals yellow to yellow-orange throughout. | L. australe |
30. Sepal apices acute to acuminate or short-awned; petals yellow to orange, sometimes with reddish base. | → 31 |
31. Sepal apices short-awned; s Florida. | L. carteri |
31. Sepal apices acute to acuminate; c United States. | → 32 |
| L. lundellii |
| L. rigidum |
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FNA vol. 12, p. 388. |
FNA vol. 12, p. 378. |
Linaceae > Linum > sect. Linopsis |
Linaceae > Linum |
L. alatum, L. allredii, L. arenicola, L. aristatum, L. australe, L. berlandieri, L. bienne, L. carteri, L. catharticum, L. compactum, L. elongatum, L. floridanum, L. grandiflorum, L. harperi, L. hudsonioides, L. imbricatum, L. intercursum, L. kingii, L. lewisii, L. lundellii, L. macrocarpum, L. medium, L. neomexicanum, L. perenne, L. pratense, L. rigidum, L. rupestre, L. schiedeanum, L. striatum, L. subteres, L. sulcatum, L. trigynum, L. usitatissimum, L. vernale, L. virginianum, L. westii |
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L. alatum, L. allredii, L. arenicola, L. aristatum, L. australe, L. berlandieri, L. carteri, L. compactum, L. elongatum, L. floridanum, L. harperi, L. hudsonioides, L. imbricatum, L. intercursum, L. kingii, L. lundellii, L. macrocarpum, L. medium, L. neomexicanum, L. puberulum, L. rigidum, L. rupestre, L. schiedeanum, L. striatum, L. subteres, L. sulcatum, L. trigynum, L. vernale, L. virginianum, L. westii |
L. rigidum var. puberulum |
Linopsis, Mesyniopsis |
(Engelmann) A. Heller: Pl. World 1: 22. (1897) |
(Reichenbach) Engelmann: Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 3(5): 25. (1852) |
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