Linum kingii |
Linum pratense |
|
---|---|---|
King's flax, perennial yellow flax |
blue flax, meadow flax, Norton's flax |
|
Habit | Herbs, perennial, caudex woody, 5–30 cm, glabrous and glaucous. | Herbs, annual, 5–60 cm, glabrous. |
Stems | ascending to erect from decumbent base, branched from base. |
± spreading or ascending, or branches from base prostrate. |
Leaves | alternate throughout or proximal opposite, divergent, erect or spreading; stipular glands absent; blade narrowly lanceolate, 5–25 × 1–3 mm, thick (basal leaves), margins entire, not ciliate, apex rounded to subacute; 1-nerved. |
blade linear to linear-oblanceolate, 8–20 × 0.7–2.3 mm. |
Inflorescences | panicles or thyrses. |
open panicles or racemes. |
Pedicels | 1–5 mm. |
8–25 mm. |
Flowers | sepals persistent, lanceolate to ovate or broadly oblong, 2.5–4.5 mm, margins not scarious, inner glandular-toothed, outer entire or sparsely glandular-toothed near apex, apex acute to ± obtuse, not acuminate; petals bright yellow, oblanceolate to obovate, 5–12 mm; stamens 3–8 mm; anthers 1.5–2.5 mm; staminodia absent; styles distinct, 4–7 mm; stigmas capitate. |
homostylous; sepals ovate, 3–5 mm, margins glabrous, apex acute; petals usually blue, rarely white, obovate, 5–14 mm; stamens 3–5 mm; anthers 0.4–1.3 mm; staminodia present; styles distinct, 1–3 mm; stigmas capitate. |
Capsules | ovoid-pyriform, 2.3–4 × 2.8–3.6 mm, apex pointed (easily crushed), freely dehiscing into 10, 1-seeded segments, segments persistent on plant, false septa incomplete, proximal margins ciliate. |
broadly ovate to subglobose, 4–6 mm diam., apex obtuse, segments persistent on plant, margins ciliate. |
Seeds | 2–2.7 × 1–1.4 mm. |
3–5 × 1.2–1.6 mm. |
2n | = 26. |
= 18. |
Linum kingii |
Linum pratense |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–Aug. | Flowering Mar–Jun. |
Habitat | Open slopes, often on barren alkaline clay or rocky calcareous substrates. | Sandy prairies, roadsides, disturbed areas, limestone. |
Elevation | 1400–3400 m. (4600–11200 ft.) | 1200–2000 m. (3900–6600 ft.) |
Distribution |
CO; ID; NV; UT; WY
|
AZ; CO; KS; NM; OK; TX
|
Discussion | Linum kingii is low, compact, and much branched. All parts of the flowers are yellow. The corolla is nearly rotate, the petals are abruptly narrowed to a claw, the styles are at right angles to the flower axis, and the anthers are relatively large. Linum kingii is extremely variable in habit and in size of floral and vegetative parts, even within a population or within a single plant (C. M. Rogers 1984). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
In a study of pollination in Linum pratense, G. E. Uno (1984) observed that petals dropped soon after anthesis and the persistent sepals quickly moved inward, pressing the dehiscing anthers against the receptive stigmas. Small bees and flies were seen to visit flowers even after the petals fell. Uno noted sepals closing in both L. lewisii and L. rigidum, but in these species the stamens tend to be somewhat shorter than the styles so self-pollination was less likely. C. M. Rogers (1984) wrote that some plants of Linum pratense intergrade with L. lewisii in areas where their ranges overlap; however, in most of its range, L. pratense is the only blue-flowered Linum, and can be distinguished from the occasional plant of L. bienne or L. usitatissimum by its lack of cilia on the inner sepals and its capitate stigmas. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 382. | FNA vol. 12, p. 376. |
Parent taxa | Linaceae > Linum > sect. Linopsis | Linaceae > Linum > sect. Linum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Cathartolinum kingii, Mesyniopsis kingii | L. lewisii var. pratense |
Name authority | S. Watson: Botany (Fortieth Parallel), 49. (1871) | (Norton) Small: in N. L. Britton et al., N. Amer. Fl. 25: 69. (1907) |
Web links |