Linum catharticum |
Linum allredii |
|
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fairy flax, lin purgatif, purging flax, white flax |
Allred's flax |
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Habit | Herbs, 8–30 cm, glabrous. | Subshrubs, to 25 cm, puberulent or glabrescent in proximal 1/3, otherwise glabrous; roots relatively thick, lateral. |
Stems | erect, usually unbranched proximal to inflorescence, sometimes branched from decumbent base. |
stiffly ascending, suffrutescent from woody branching base. |
Leaves | blade narrowly elliptic to oblanceolate or narrowly obovate or oblong, larger 5–18 × 1.4–3.1 mm, largest at midstem, reduced in size both proximally and distally, apex obtuse to acute. |
alternate, tightly appressed or ascending to spreading; stipular glands present throughout, dark; blade linear to linear-lanceolate, proximal and midstem leaves 3–10(–12) mm, distal leaves 3–7 × 0.6–1 mm, margins of proximal and midstem leaves entire, distal serrulate, teeth usually gland-tipped, not ciliate, apex of proximal and midstem leaves mucronate, distal acuminate-aristate. |
Inflorescences | panicles. |
few-flowered panicles; bracts with irregular scarious margins. |
Pedicels | 6–35 mm. |
2–3 mm, conspicuously articulated. |
Flowers | sepals broadly lanceolate to ovate, outer sepals 2–3 mm, inner sepals broader, shorter, margins of all or sometimes only of inner sparsely but conspicuously glandular-toothed, apex acute to acuminate; petals white or whitish, base yellowish, 2–5 mm, obovate; stamens 1 mm, anthers 0.2–0.3 mm; styles 0.5–1 mm. |
sepals deciduous, lanceolate, 4.5–7 mm, margins not scarious, glandular-toothed, apex acute-aristate, glabrous; prominently 1-nerved; petals pumpkin yellow with a wide, pale, red band distal to a deeply wine red band at base, broadly obovate, 10–13 mm; stamens 5.5–7 mm; anthers 1.2–1.6 mm; staminodia absent; styles connate nearly to apex, 7–9 mm; stigmas dark, capitate. |
Capsules | ovoid, 2–2.5 × 2 mm, fragile and subject to crushing when pressed; segments persistent on plant, septa margins ciliate. |
ovoid, 3.7–4 × 3 mm, apex obtuse, dehiscing into 5, 2-seeded segments, segments persistent on plant, false septa complete, translucent, proximal part membranaceous, not terminating in loose fringe, distal part cartilaginous, margins ciliate. |
Seeds | 1–1.5 × 0.6–0.8 mm. |
2.4–2.7 × 0.9–1.1 mm. |
2n | = 16. |
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Linum catharticum |
Linum allredii |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jun–Aug. | Flowering Apr. |
Habitat | Calcareous or sandy soils, fields, pastures, roadsides. | Gypsum soils. |
Elevation | 0–400 m. (0–1300 ft.) | 1100–1200 m. (3600–3900 ft.) |
Distribution |
MA; ME; MI; NH; NY; PA; VT; BC; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; Europe; w Asia; Atlantic Islands (Iceland) [Introduced in North America; introduced also in South America (Argentina), Pacific Islands (New Zealand), Australia (Tasmania)]
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NM; TX |
Discussion | Linum catharticum has small, white, funnelform corollas, yellow anthers, and light green stigmas. It is the only Linum in the flora area with white petals and opposite leaves. The species is widespread in Europe and occurs only sporadically in the northern United States and most of its range in Canada. It may be native in Newfoundland and Nova Scotia, where it is well established. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Linum allredii is a rare endemic known from seven to 12 occurrences in the Yeso Hills border region of New Mexico and Texas, apparently restricted to gypsum soils. When Sivinski and Howard described this species, they noted that it occurs only on pale, sandy, biologically crusted gypsum distinct from adjacent, darker gypsum. The corollas are deeply bowl-shaped. The filaments and styles are the same pumpkin color as the petals, the stigmas are dark maroon, and the pollen is bright yellow. Linum allredii and L. kingii are the only species in the flora area growing from a woody base. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 377. | FNA vol. 12, p. 388. |
Parent taxa | Linaceae > Linum > sect. Cathartolinum | Linaceae > Linum > sect. Linopsis |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 281. (1753) | Sivinski & M. O. Howard: Phytoneuron 2011-33: 1, figs. 1, 3. (2011) |
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