Linum bienne |
Linum berlandieri |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
flax, narrow-leaf flax, pale flax |
Berlandier's yellow flax |
|||||
Habit | Herbs, biennial or short-lived perennial (flowering 1st year), 6–60 cm, glabrous. | Herbs, usually annual, rarely perennial, 5–40 cm, glabrous except hirsutulous near base and sometimes on stem angles. | ||||
Stems | erect, usually branched from near base and in inflorescence. |
spreading-ascending, branching basally in inflorescence, sometimes throughout. |
||||
Leaves | blade linear to linear-lanceolate, 5–25 × 1–1.5 mm. |
basal leaves opposite, or alternate throughout, spreading; stipular glands usually present; blade linear to linear-lanceolate, 10–25 × 1–4 mm, margins entire or few small teeth on distal leaves, not ciliate, apex acute; mostly 3-nerved. |
||||
Inflorescences | open panicles. |
dense, ± flat-topped panicles. |
||||
Pedicels | 10–25 mm. |
4–20 mm. |
||||
Flowers | homostylous; sepals ovate, 4–5.5 mm, margins of inner sepals minutely ciliate, outer glabrous, apex acute to acuminate; petals blue, obovate, 6–10 mm; stamens 4–5 mm; anthers 1–2.5 mm; staminodia present or absent; styles distinct, 2 mm; stigmas linear or clavate. |
sepals deciduous, lanceolate, inner somewhat broader, 6–12 mm, margins of inner sepals densely and delicately glandular-toothed, outer ones scarious, conspicuously and more coarsely but less densely glandular-toothed than inner, apex acute or attenuate; petals yellow to orange, sometimes reddish below middle, broadly obovate, 11–19 mm; stamens 4–9 mm; anthers 1–2 mm; staminodia absent; styles connate nearly to apex, 6–9 mm; stigmas capitate. |
||||
Capsules | broadly ovate to subglobose, 4–6 × 4–6 mm, apex very sharp-pointed, segments ± persistent on plant, margins ciliate. |
broadly ovoid to triangular-ovoid, tapering abruptly to flattened base, 3.6–4.7 × 3–4 mm, thick- or thin-walled, apex obtuse, dehiscing into 5, 2-seeded segments, segments blunt or subacute, persistent on plant, false septa complete, proximal part membranaceous, not terminating in loose fringe, distal part cartilaginous, margins not ciliate. |
||||
Seeds | 2.5–3 × 1.5–2 mm. |
2.6–3.4 × 1–1.6 mm. |
||||
2n | = 30. |
= 30. |
||||
Linum bienne |
Linum berlandieri |
|||||
Phenology | Flowering Mar–Aug. | |||||
Habitat | Grasslands, woodlands, disturbed places. | |||||
Elevation | 0–1900 m. (0–6200 ft.) | |||||
Distribution |
CA; OR; PA; BC; Europe; n Africa [Introduced in North America; introduced also in South America (Argentina, Chile), Pacific Islands (New Zealand)]
|
AR; CO; KS; LA; NE; NM; OK; TX; n Mexico
|
||||
Discussion | Linum bienne is thought to be the progenitor of L. usitatissimum (D. J. Ockendon 1971). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). The stems of Linum berlandieri are ribbed. The corollas range from pale yellow to deep orange, with darker veins and little color banding to deeply maroon at base. Styles and stamens may be yellow or the distinct portions of the styles somewhat maroon. The capsule walls are opaque, thicker than those in L. rigidum. C. M. Rogers (1984) noted that some populations of Linum berlandieri in western Texas are morphologically intermediate between the two varieties. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
||||
Key |
|
|||||
Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 374. | FNA vol. 12, p. 393. | ||||
Parent taxa | Linaceae > Linum > sect. Linum | Linaceae > Linum > sect. Linopsis | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | L. angustifolium | L. rigidum var. berlandieri | ||||
Name authority | Miller: Gard. Dict. ed. 8, Linum no. 8. (1768) | Hooker: Bot. Mag. 63: plate 3480. (1836) — (as berendieri) | ||||
Web links |
|