Lilium washingtonianum |
Lilium rubescens |
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Cascade lily, Mount Hood lily, Shasta lily, Washington lily |
chaparral lily, redwood lily |
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Bulbs | subrhizomatous to ± ovoid, 2.7–10 × 4.4–13.4 cm, 0.2–0.9(–1.4) times taller than long; scales unsegmented or notched with 2(–3) poorly defined segments, sometimes 2-segmented, longest 3.3–11.9 cm; stem roots absent. |
± ovoid, 3.9–9.4 × 2.5–7.1 cm, 1.1–2.6 times taller than long; scales unsegmented, longest 4–8.9 cm; stem roots absent. |
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Stems | to 2 m, often glaucous. |
to 2 m, often glaucous. |
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Buds | rounded in cross section. |
rounded in cross section. |
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Leaves | in 1–8 whorls or partial whorls, 3–16 leaves per whorl, horizontal and drooping at tips to ascending, occasionally nearly clasping stem, 3.7–12.3 × 0.9–4.7 cm, 2–6.5 times longer than wide; blade oblanceolate, sometimes obovate, rarely elliptic, margins undulate or not, apex acute, often widely so; veins and margins ± smooth abaxially. |
in 3–5(–more) whorls or partial whorls, 3–15 leaves per whorl, usually ± ascending, sometimes horizontal and drooping at tips, 3.2–12.3 × 1–2.8 cm, 2–6.4 times longer than wide; blade oblanceolate, sometimes obovate, rarely elliptic, margins usually undulate, apex acute, often widely so, or obtuse; veins and margins ± smooth abaxially. |
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Inflorescences | racemose, 1–33-flowered. |
racemose, often with flowers in loosely defined whorls, 1–40-flowered. |
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Flowers | opening before dusk, ± horizontal, slightly bilaterally symmetric, strongly fragrant; perianth ± funnelform; sepals and petals recurved 2/3–3/4 along length from base and scarcely overlapping to form tube, lower usually less recurved than upper and forming landing platform, white, often aging deep pink or lavender, often with short yellowish stripe extending from basal median nectaries, often with fine magenta spots concentrated basally, not distinctly clawed; sepals sometimes purplish abaxially, not ridged abaxially, (6.1–)6.7–11.3 × 0.9–1.7 cm; petals noticeably wider than sepals, oblanceolate and often very wide distally, (6.1–)6.6–11.2 × 1.1–2.4 cm, apex widely acute, obtuse, or rounded; stamens barely exserted; filaments barely spreading, diverging 2°–8° from axis; anthers off white or cream, becoming pale pink or yellow, 0.8–1.5 cm; pollen yellow or cream; pistil 7.5–10.4 cm; ovary 1.7–3.4 cm; style pale green; pedicel 4.8–15 cm. |
ascending to erect, fragrant; perianth funnelform; sepals and petals recurved 1/2–2/3 along length from base, white, aging pink-purple, with fine magenta spots concentrated proximally or less often generally distributed, often reddish or purplish abaxially, not distinctly clawed; sepals not ridged abaxially, 4.3–6.6 × 0.6–1.4 cm; petals noticeably wider than sepals, oblanceolate and often very wide proximally, 4.2–6.4 × 0.9–1.9 cm, apex widely acute, obtuse, or rounded; stamens included; filaments barely spreading, diverging 3°–12° from axis; anthers pale yellow, 0.4–0.8 cm; pollen yellow; pistil 2.7–3.8 cm; ovary 1.2–1.8 cm; style pale green; pedicel 1.4–9.5 cm. |
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Capsules | often with 6 longitudinal ridges, 2.7–5.8 × 1.6–2.9 cm, 1.3–2.3 times longer than wide. |
usually with 6 longitudinal ridges, 2–3.7 × 1.7–2.7 cm, 1.1–1.7 times longer than wide. |
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Seeds | 123–231. |
67–189. |
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2n | = 24. |
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Lilium washingtonianum |
Lilium rubescens |
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Phenology | Flowering summer (late May–early Aug). | |||||
Habitat | Dry soils in chaparral, gaps in redwood [Sequoia sempervirens (D. Don) Endlicher] or mixed evergreen forests | |||||
Elevation | 0–1500 m (0–4900 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
CA; OR
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CA
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Discussion | Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Lilium rubescens occurs from Santa Cruz County north through the Coast Ranges to Del Norte County, and is declining in the southern part of its range due to urbanization and over-collecting. This is the only species in the genus in which the chromosome complement is known to consist of one pair of long metacentric chromosomes and eleven pairs of acrocentric chromosomes; all others possess two long metacentric pairs and ten shorter acrocentric pairs (M. W. Skinner 1988). Various bee species visit the flowers during the day to collect nectar and pollen and may be the most significant pollinators. Pale swallowtails (Papilio eurymedon Lucas, family Papilionidae) also visit this lily. The Karok used Lilium rubescens decoratively in bouquets (D. E. Moerman 1986). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 26, p. 182. | FNA vol. 26, p. 183. | ||||
Parent taxa | Liliaceae > Lilium | Liliaceae > Lilium | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | L. washingtonianum var. purpureum | |||||
Name authority | Kellogg: Hesperian (San Francisco) 3: 340. (1859) | S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 14: 256. (1879) | ||||
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