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devil's bite, northern gayfeather

pine-needle gayfeather, shortleaf blazing star, shortleaf gayfeather

Habit Plants 30–150 cm. Plants 40–150 cm.
Stems

puberulent (at least distally, sometimes glabrous proximally).

glabrous or sparsely pilose.

Leaves

basal and proximal cauline 1-nerved, elliptic- to oblanceolate-spatulate, 120–300 × 25–50(–55) mm, abruptly, gradually, or little reduced distally, essentially glabrous, weakly, if at all, gland-dotted.

basal and proximal cauline (arising from separated nodes) 1-nerved, linear to linear-lanceolate, 100–300 × 1–2(–2.5) mm, gradually or abruptly reduced distally, essentially glabrous, gland-dotted (proximal margins sometimes ciliate).

Peduncles

usually (ascending) 10–50 mm.

(ascending) 1–7 mm.

Involucres

campanulate to turbinate-campanulate, 11–15 × (12–)15–22(–25) mm.

turbinate-campanulate, 5–7 × 4–5 mm.

Florets

19–80;

corolla tubes usually pilose inside, sometimes glabrous (Arkansas, Illinois, Missouri).

4–6;

corolla tubes glabrous inside.

Phyllaries

in (3–)4–5 series, (erect or outer sometimes spreading-reflexing) oblong-obovate to broadly obovate (not bullate), unequal, glabrous or minutely puberulent, margins usually with relatively narrow, hyaline borders, apices broadly rounded.

in 2–3(–4) series, lanceolate to oblong or elliptic-oblong, unequal, essentially glabrous, margins with (pinkish purple) hyaline borders, apices usually rounded-retuse and minutely involute-cuspidate to apiculate.

Heads

in racemiform arrays.

in compact, racemiform arrays.

Cypselae

4.5–6(–6.5) mm;

pappi: lengths ± equaling corollas, bristles barbellate.

2.5–4 mm;

pappi: lengths ± equaling corollas, bristles barbellate.

Corms

subglobose.

globose.

Liatris scariosa

Liatris tenuifolia

Phenology Flowering Aug–Nov.
Habitat Longleaf pine savannas, longleaf pine-scrub oak, turkey oak-bluejack oak, slash pine-sand pine-scrub, sand pine-scrub, sand ridges, hills, and flats, roadsides
Elevation 10–100 m (0–300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AR; CT; IL; IN; MA; MD; ME; MI; MO; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; TN; VA; WI; WV
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; FL; GA; SC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 3 (3 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Stems with 8–20(–25) leaves or leafy bracts proximal to heads; florets 20–40(–50)
var. scariosa
1. Stems with 20–85 leaves or leafy bracts proximal to heads; florets 30–80.
→ 2
2. Proximal cauline leaves mostly 25–50(–55) mm wide, hirtello-puberulent (and gland-dotted)
var. nieuwlandii
2. Proximal cauline leaves mostly 7–20(–26) mm wide, glabrous or hirtello-puberulent (weakly, if at all, gland-dotted)
var. novaeangliae
Source FNA vol. 21, p. 532. FNA vol. 21, p. 526.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Eupatorieae > Liatris Asteraceae > tribe Eupatorieae > Liatris
Sibling taxa
L. acidota, L. aestivalis, L. aspera, L. bracteata, L. chapmanii, L. cokeri, L. compacta, L. cylindracea, L. cymosa, L. elegans, L. elegantula, L. garberi, L. gholsonii, L. glandulosa, L. gracilis, L. helleri, L. hirsuta, L. laevigata, L. lancifolia, L. ligulistylis, L. microcephala, L. ohlingerae, L. oligocephala, L. patens, L. pauciflora, L. pilosa, L. provincialis, L. punctata, L. pycnostachya, L. savannensis, L. spicata, L. squarrosa, L. squarrulosa, L. tenuifolia, L. tenuis, L. virgata
L. acidota, L. aestivalis, L. aspera, L. bracteata, L. chapmanii, L. cokeri, L. compacta, L. cylindracea, L. cymosa, L. elegans, L. elegantula, L. garberi, L. gholsonii, L. glandulosa, L. gracilis, L. helleri, L. hirsuta, L. laevigata, L. lancifolia, L. ligulistylis, L. microcephala, L. ohlingerae, L. oligocephala, L. patens, L. pauciflora, L. pilosa, L. provincialis, L. punctata, L. pycnostachya, L. savannensis, L. scariosa, L. spicata, L. squarrosa, L. squarrulosa, L. tenuis, L. virgata
Subordinate taxa
L. scariosa var. nieuwlandii, L. scariosa var. novaeangliae, L. scariosa var. scariosa
Synonyms Serratula scariosa, Lacinaria scariosa Lacinaria tenuifolia
Name authority (Linnaeus) Willdenow: Sp. Pl. 3: 1635. (1803) Nuttall: Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 2: 131. (1818)
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