Leymus triticoides |
Leymus racemosus |
|
---|---|---|
beardless lyme grass, beardless wildrye, creeping wildrye |
Mammoth lyme grass, Mammoth wildrye |
|
Habit | Plants not cespitose, strongly rhizomatous. | Plants not or only weakly cespitose, strongly rhizomatous. |
Culms | 45-125 cm tall, 1.8-3 mm thick, solitary or few together. |
50-100 cm tall, 8-12 mm thick, solitary or few together, mostly smooth and glabrous, scabridulous or pubescent below the spikes, hairs to 0.5 mm. |
Leaves | exceeded by the spikes, often basally concentrated; sheaths glabrous or hairy, hairs 0.5-1 mm; auricles to 1 mm; ligules 0.2-1.3 mm, truncate, erose; blades 10-35 cm long, 3.5-10 mm wide, flat to involute, usually stiffly ascending, adaxial surfaces usually scabrous, often also sparsely hairy, hairs to 0.8 mm, most abundant proximally, veins 11-27, closely spaced, subequal, prominently ribbed. |
exceeded by the spikes; ligules 1.5-2.5 mm; blades 20-40 cm long, 8-20 mm wide. |
Spikes | 5-20 cm long, 5-15 mm wide, with 2 spikelets at midspike, sometimes 1 or 3 at other nodes; internodes 5-11.5 mm, usually mostly smooth and glabrous, sometimes strigillose distally, edges ciliate, cilia to 0.4 mm. |
15-35 cm long, 10-20 mm wide, dense, with 3-8 spikelets per node; internodes 8-11 mm, surfaces hairy, hairs to 1 mm, on the edges to 1.5 mm. |
Spikelets | 10-22 mm, with 3-7 florets. |
12-25 mm, sessile, with 4-6 florets. |
Glumes | 5-16 mm long, 0.5-1.2 mm wide, bases not overlapping, glabrous and smooth proximally, scabrous distally, tapering from below midlength to the subulate apices, stiff, keeled, the central portion thicker than the margins, 1(3)-veined, veins inconspicuous at midlength; calluses usually glabrous, occasionally with a few hairs, hairs about 0.1 mm; lemmas 5-12 mm, usually glabrous, occasionally sparsely hairy, hairs to 0.3 mm, apices acute, usually awned, awns to 3 mm; anthers 3-6 mm, dehiscent. |
12-25 mm long, to 2 mm wide, usually exceeding the lemmas, linear-lanceolate at the base, tapering from below midlength, stiff, glabrous at least at the base, the central portion thicker than the margins, keeled and subulate distally, 1-veined, veins inconspicuous at midlength; lemmas 15-20 mm, pubescent proximally, glabrous distally, tapering to an awn, awns 1.5-2.5 mm; palea keels usually glabrous, sometimes ciliate distally; anthers about 5 mm, dehiscent. |
Often | glaucous. |
|
2n | = 28. |
= 28. |
Leymus triticoides |
Leymus racemosus |
|
Distribution |
AZ; CA; CO; ID; MT; NM; NV; OR; TX; UT; WA; WY; HI; BC
|
AZ; ID; MI; MN; NE; OR; WA; WY |
Discussion | Leymus triticoides grows in dry to moist, often saline meadows. Its range extends from southern British Columbia to Montana, south to California, Arizona, and New Mexico, but its populations are widely scattered. It is not known from Mexico. There is considerable variation within the species, but no pattern of variation suggesting the existence of infraspecific taxa is known. It is very similar to L. multicaulis, strains of which were initially released as L. triticoides by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The most consistent differences between them appear to be in the venation of the leaf blades and the vestiture of the calluses. Leymus triticoides is also very similar to L. simplex, differing from it in the number of spikelets at the midspike nodes. Leymus triticoides hybridizes with other species of Leymus; hybrids with L. mollis are called L. xvancouverensis (see p. 358), those with L. condensatus are called L. xmultiflorus (see p. 362). Hybrids with L. cinereus are known, but have not been formally named. Plants identified as Elymus arenicolus Scribn. & J.G. Sm. are here included in L. flavescens, but may represent hybrids between L. triticoides and L. flavescens. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Leymus racemosus is native to Europe and central Asia, where it grows on dry, sandy soils. It has been introduced into the Flora region, and collected at various locations, particularly in the northwestern contiguous United States; it is not clear how many of the populations represented by these specimens are still extant. Tsvelev (1976) recognized 4 subspecies. Because there are few North American specimens, and these are incomplete, no attempt has been made to determine to which subspecies the North American plants belong. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 24, p. 360. | FNA vol. 24, p. 356. |
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Triticeae > Leymus | Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Triticeae > Leymus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Elymus triticoides var. pubescens, Elymus triticoides | Elymus racemosus, Elymus giganteus |
Name authority | (Buckley) Pilg. | (Lam.) Tzvelev |
Web links |
|