The green links below add additional plants to the comparison table. Blue links lead to other Web sites.
enable glossary links

beardless lyme grass, beardless wildrye, creeping wildrye

American dunegrass, American lyme grass, dune wildrye, dunegrass, elyme des sables d'amerique, sea lyme-grass, seigle de mer

Habit Plants not cespitose, strongly rhizomatous. Plants not cespitose, strongly rhizomatous, occasionally slightly glaucous.
Culms

45-125 cm tall, 1.8-3 mm thick, solitary or few together.

12-170 cm tall, 3-6 mm thick, usually densely pubescent below the spikes for 10-40+ mm.

Leaves

exceeded by the spikes, often basally concentrated;

sheaths glabrous or hairy, hairs 0.5-1 mm;

auricles to 1 mm;

ligules 0.2-1.3 mm, truncate, erose;

blades 10-35 cm long, 3.5-10 mm wide, flat to involute, usually stiffly ascending, adaxial surfaces usually scabrous, often also sparsely hairy, hairs to 0.8 mm, most abundant proximally, veins 11-27, closely spaced, subequal, prominently ribbed.

exceeded by the spikes;

auricles to 0.7 mm;

ligules 0.2-2.5 mm;

blades 10-94 cm long, 3-15 mm wide, adaxial surfaces scabridulous to scabrous, 20-40-veined, veins subequal, prominently ribbed, closely spaced.

Spikes

5-20 cm long, 5-15 mm wide, with 2 spikelets at midspike, sometimes 1 or 3 at other nodes;

internodes 5-11.5 mm, usually mostly smooth and glabrous, sometimes strigillose distally, edges ciliate, cilia to 0.4 mm.

5-34 cm long, 10-20 mm wide, with 3-33 nodes, usually with 2 spikelets per node;

internodes 4.5-9.5 mm, surfaces and edges similar, hairs on the surfaces 0.1-0.5 mm, on the edges to 0.7 mm.

Spikelets

10-22 mm, with 3-7 florets.

15-34 mm, with 3-6 florets.

Glumes

5-16 mm long, 0.5-1.2 mm wide, bases not overlapping, glabrous and smooth proximally, scabrous distally, tapering from below midlength to the subulate apices, stiff, keeled, the central portion thicker than the margins, 1(3)-veined, veins inconspicuous at midlength;

calluses usually glabrous, occasionally with a few hairs, hairs about 0.1 mm;

lemmas 5-12 mm, usually glabrous, occasionally sparsely hairy, hairs to 0.3 mm, apices acute, usually awned, awns to 3 mm;

anthers 3-6 mm, dehiscent.

9-34 mm long, 1.5-4 mm wide, lanceolate, tapering from midlength or above, flat or rounded on the back, flexible, usually strigillose to pilose or villous, rarely almost glabrous, the central portion scarcely thicker than the margins, 3(5)-veined at midlength, apices acute;

lemmas 11-20 mm, densely hairy, hairs 0.5-1 mm, soft, apices acute, unawned;

anthers 4-9 mm, dehiscent.

2n

= 28.

Leymus triticoides

Leymus mollis

Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CA; CO; ID; MT; NM; NV; OR; TX; UT; WA; WY; HI; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AK; CA; IL; MA; ME; MI; NH; OR; PA; WA; WI; AB; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; NT; NU; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; Greenland
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Leymus triticoides grows in dry to moist, often saline meadows. Its range extends from southern British Columbia to Montana, south to California, Arizona, and New Mexico, but its populations are widely scattered. It is not known from Mexico. There is considerable variation within the species, but no pattern of variation suggesting the existence of infraspecific taxa is known. It is very similar to L. multicaulis, strains of which were initially released as L. triticoides by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The most consistent differences between them appear to be in the venation of the leaf blades and the vestiture of the calluses. Leymus triticoides is also very similar to L. simplex, differing from it in the number of spikelets at the midspike nodes.

Leymus triticoides hybridizes with other species of Leymus; hybrids with L. mollis are called L. xvancouverensis (see p. 358), those with L. condensatus are called L. xmultiflorus (see p. 362). Hybrids with L. cinereus are known, but have not been formally named. Plants identified as Elymus arenicolus Scribn. & J.G. Sm. are here included in L. flavescens, but may represent hybrids between L. triticoides and L. flavescens.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Leymus mollis is native to Asia and North America. It is treated here as having two very similar subspecies that have somewhat different ranges. The subspecies are sometimes treated as separate species, but they may be little more than environmentally induced variants. Both subspecies grow primarily on coastal beaches, close to the high tide line, and along some inland waterways, particularly in the arctic. Reports of L. ajanensis (V.N. Vassil.) Tzvelev from North America are based on specimens of L. mollis (D. Murray, University of Alaska, pers. comm. 2006).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Spikes 12-34 cm long, with 12-33 nodes; basal blades 5-15 mm wide; culms 50-170 cm tall
subsp. mollis
1. Spikes 5-13(16) cm long, with 3-14 nodes; basal blades 3-8 mm wide; culms 12-70 cm tall
subsp. villosissimus
Source FNA vol. 24, p. 360. FNA vol. 24, p. 356.
Parent taxa Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Triticeae > Leymus Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Triticeae > Leymus
Sibling taxa
L. ambiguus, L. angustus, L. arenarius, L. californicus, L. cinereus, L. condensatus, L. flavescens, L. innovatus, L. mollis, L. multicaulis, L. pacificus, L. racemosus, L. salina, L. simplex, L. ×multiflorus, L. ×vancouverensis
L. ambiguus, L. angustus, L. arenarius, L. californicus, L. cinereus, L. condensatus, L. flavescens, L. innovatus, L. multicaulis, L. pacificus, L. racemosus, L. salina, L. simplex, L. triticoides, L. ×multiflorus, L. ×vancouverensis
Subordinate taxa
L. mollis subsp. mollis, L. mollis subsp. villosissimus
Synonyms Elymus triticoides var. pubescens, Elymus triticoides Elymus mollis, Elymus arenarius var. villosus, Elymus arenarius var. mollis, Elymus arenarius subsp. mollis
Name authority (Buckley) Pilg. (Trin.) Pilg.
Web links