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beardless lyme grass, beardless wildrye, creeping wildrye

boreal wildrye, downy ryegrass, fuzzy-spike wildrye

Habit Plants not cespitose, strongly rhizomatous. Plants sometimes cespitose, strongly rhizomatous.
Culms

45-125 cm tall, 1.8-3 mm thick, solitary or few together.

18-105 cm tall, 2-3 mm thick.

Leaves

exceeded by the spikes, often basally concentrated;

sheaths glabrous or hairy, hairs 0.5-1 mm;

auricles to 1 mm;

ligules 0.2-1.3 mm, truncate, erose;

blades 10-35 cm long, 3.5-10 mm wide, flat to involute, usually stiffly ascending, adaxial surfaces usually scabrous, often also sparsely hairy, hairs to 0.8 mm, most abundant proximally, veins 11-27, closely spaced, subequal, prominently ribbed.

exceeded by the spikes;

sheaths glabrous or hairy, often most densely hairy in the collar region;

auricles to 1.4 mm;

ligules 0.1-0.5 mm;

blades 2-6 mm wide, involute, abaxial surfaces scabridulous or smooth, adaxial surfaces scabrous, occasionally with scattered hairs to 1.5 mm, veins unequal, not crowded.

Spikes

5-20 cm long, 5-15 mm wide, with 2 spikelets at midspike, sometimes 1 or 3 at other nodes;

internodes 5-11.5 mm, usually mostly smooth and glabrous, sometimes strigillose distally, edges ciliate, cilia to 0.4 mm.

3-16 cm long, 8-20 mm thick, erect, usually well exserted, with 2-3 spikelets per node;

internodes 4-6 mm, hairy throughout, edges with hairs to 2.5 mm.

Spikelets

10-22 mm, with 3-7 florets.

10-18 mm, with 3-7 florets.

Glumes

5-16 mm long, 0.5-1.2 mm wide, bases not overlapping, glabrous and smooth proximally, scabrous distally, tapering from below midlength to the subulate apices, stiff, keeled, the central portion thicker than the margins, 1(3)-veined, veins inconspicuous at midlength;

calluses usually glabrous, occasionally with a few hairs, hairs about 0.1 mm;

lemmas 5-12 mm, usually glabrous, occasionally sparsely hairy, hairs to 0.3 mm, apices acute, usually awned, awns to 3 mm;

anthers 3-6 mm, dehiscent.

often unequal, sometimes absent, 2.5-12 mm long, 0.5-1 mm wide, hairy, stiff, keeled, the central portion thicker than the margins, bases not overlapping, tapering from near the base to the subulate apices, 0-1(3)-veined, veins inconspicuous at mid-length;

calluses hairy;

lemmas 7-12 mm, usually conspicuously villous or velutinous, occasionally glabrate, hairs 0.7-2.5 mm, awned, awns 2-4 mm;

anthers 3.5-10 mm, dehiscent.

2n

= 28.

= 28, 56.

Leymus triticoides

Leymus innovatus

Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CA; CO; ID; MT; NM; NV; OR; TX; UT; WA; WY; HI; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AK; CO; MT; SD; WY; AB; BC; MB; NT; ON; SK; YT
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Leymus triticoides grows in dry to moist, often saline meadows. Its range extends from southern British Columbia to Montana, south to California, Arizona, and New Mexico, but its populations are widely scattered. It is not known from Mexico. There is considerable variation within the species, but no pattern of variation suggesting the existence of infraspecific taxa is known. It is very similar to L. multicaulis, strains of which were initially released as L. triticoides by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The most consistent differences between them appear to be in the venation of the leaf blades and the vestiture of the calluses. Leymus triticoides is also very similar to L. simplex, differing from it in the number of spikelets at the midspike nodes.

Leymus triticoides hybridizes with other species of Leymus; hybrids with L. mollis are called L. xvancouverensis (see p. 358), those with L. condensatus are called L. xmultiflorus (see p. 362). Hybrids with L. cinereus are known, but have not been formally named. Plants identified as Elymus arenicolus Scribn. & J.G. Sm. are here included in L. flavescens, but may represent hybrids between L. triticoides and L. flavescens.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Leymus innovatus is a North American species that grows in open woods and forests, riverbanks, open prairies, and rocky soils, and often in sandy, gravelly, or silty soils, primarily from northern Alaska to Hudson Bay, and south into the Black Hills region of Wyoming and South Dakota. Morphologically, the two subspecies show some overlap. Bowden recognized them in part because of their difference in ploidy level.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Spikes 8-16 cm long, 8-15 mm wide; lemma hairs 0.7-2.5 mm long
subsp. innovatus
1. Spikes 3-8 cm long, 15-20 mm wide; lemma hairs 1.5-2.5 mm long
subsp. velutinus
Source FNA vol. 24, p. 360. FNA vol. 24, p. 366.
Parent taxa Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Triticeae > Leymus Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Triticeae > Leymus
Sibling taxa
L. ambiguus, L. angustus, L. arenarius, L. californicus, L. cinereus, L. condensatus, L. flavescens, L. innovatus, L. mollis, L. multicaulis, L. pacificus, L. racemosus, L. salina, L. simplex, L. ×multiflorus, L. ×vancouverensis
L. ambiguus, L. angustus, L. arenarius, L. californicus, L. cinereus, L. condensatus, L. flavescens, L. mollis, L. multicaulis, L. pacificus, L. racemosus, L. salina, L. simplex, L. triticoides, L. ×multiflorus, L. ×vancouverensis
Subordinate taxa
L. innovatus subsp. innovatus, L. innovatus subsp. velutinus
Synonyms Elymus triticoides var. pubescens, Elymus triticoides Elymus innovatus subsp. velutinus, Elymus innovatus
Name authority (Buckley) Pilg. (Beal) Pilg.
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