Leymus triticoides |
Leymus flavescens |
|
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beardless lyme grass, beardless wildrye, creeping wildrye |
sand lyme grass, yellow wildrye |
|
Habit | Plants not cespitose, strongly rhizomatous. | Plants sometimes cespitose, strongly rhizomatous. |
Culms | 45-125 cm tall, 1.8-3 mm thick, solitary or few together. |
40-120 cm tall, 2-4 mm thick, pubescent beneath the nodes. |
Leaves | exceeded by the spikes, often basally concentrated; sheaths glabrous or hairy, hairs 0.5-1 mm; auricles to 1 mm; ligules 0.2-1.3 mm, truncate, erose; blades 10-35 cm long, 3.5-10 mm wide, flat to involute, usually stiffly ascending, adaxial surfaces usually scabrous, often also sparsely hairy, hairs to 0.8 mm, most abundant proximally, veins 11-27, closely spaced, subequal, prominently ribbed. |
exceeded by the spikes; sheaths glabrous; auricles absent, sometimes with a few hairs in the auricular position; ligules 0.3-1.5 mm; blades 3-4 mm wide, usually involute, adaxial surfaces scabrous, sometimes with scattered hairs, hairs to 1 mm, with about 15 closely spaced, subequal, mostly prominently ribbed veins. |
Spikes | 5-20 cm long, 5-15 mm wide, with 2 spikelets at midspike, sometimes 1 or 3 at other nodes; internodes 5-11.5 mm, usually mostly smooth and glabrous, sometimes strigillose distally, edges ciliate, cilia to 0.4 mm. |
10-20 cm long, 12-20 mm thick, with 12-20 nodes and 2 spikelets per node; internodes 7-10 mm, densely hairy. |
Spikelets | 10-22 mm, with 3-7 florets. |
13.5-25 mm, with 4-9 florets. |
Glumes | 5-16 mm long, 0.5-1.2 mm wide, bases not overlapping, glabrous and smooth proximally, scabrous distally, tapering from below midlength to the subulate apices, stiff, keeled, the central portion thicker than the margins, 1(3)-veined, veins inconspicuous at midlength; calluses usually glabrous, occasionally with a few hairs, hairs about 0.1 mm; lemmas 5-12 mm, usually glabrous, occasionally sparsely hairy, hairs to 0.3 mm, apices acute, usually awned, awns to 3 mm; anthers 3-6 mm, dehiscent. |
8.5-16 mm long, 0.5-2.5 mm wide, stiff, keeled distally, the central portion thicker than the margins, tapering from below midlength to the subulate apices, hairy, 0-1(3)-veined, veins inconspicuous at midlength; lower glumes 8.5-13.5 mm; upper glumes 10-16 mm; calluses poorly developed; lemmas 10.5-15 mm, densely villous, hairs 2-3 mm, apices unawned or awned. |
Awns | to 2 mm; anthers 4.5-7 mm, dehiscent. |
|
2n | = 28. |
= 28. |
Leymus triticoides |
Leymus flavescens |
|
Distribution |
AZ; CA; CO; ID; MT; NM; NV; OR; TX; UT; WA; WY; HI; BC
|
ID; MT; OR; UT; WA; AB |
Discussion | Leymus triticoides grows in dry to moist, often saline meadows. Its range extends from southern British Columbia to Montana, south to California, Arizona, and New Mexico, but its populations are widely scattered. It is not known from Mexico. There is considerable variation within the species, but no pattern of variation suggesting the existence of infraspecific taxa is known. It is very similar to L. multicaulis, strains of which were initially released as L. triticoides by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The most consistent differences between them appear to be in the venation of the leaf blades and the vestiture of the calluses. Leymus triticoides is also very similar to L. simplex, differing from it in the number of spikelets at the midspike nodes. Leymus triticoides hybridizes with other species of Leymus; hybrids with L. mollis are called L. xvancouverensis (see p. 358), those with L. condensatus are called L. xmultiflorus (see p. 362). Hybrids with L. cinereus are known, but have not been formally named. Plants identified as Elymus arenicolus Scribn. & J.G. Sm. are here included in L. flavescens, but may represent hybrids between L. triticoides and L. flavescens. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Leymus flavescens grows on sand dunes and open sandy flats, and ditch- and roadbanks, of the Snake and Columbia river valleys. The central Washington population is growing on a road cut; it seems to be well established there. Plants identified as Elytnus arenicolus Scribn. & J.G. Sm. are included here, but they may represent hybrids between Leymus flavescens and L. triticoides. Leckenby, the collector of the type specimen, noted that they grew on sand or sand drifts along the Columbia River, but could not withstand flooding. He could find no seed. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 24, p. 360. | FNA vol. 24, p. 366. |
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Triticeae > Leymus | Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Triticeae > Leymus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Elymus triticoides var. pubescens, Elymus triticoides | Elymus flavescens, Elymus arenicolus |
Name authority | (Buckley) Pilg. | (Scribn. & J.G. Sm.) Pilg. |
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