Lewisia cotyledon |
Lewisia pygmaea |
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cliff lewisia, cliff maids, Siskiyou lewisia |
alpine lewisia, dwarf lewisia, least, pigmy bitter root, pygmy bitterroot |
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Taproots | gradually ramified distally. |
gradually ramified distally or shortly fusiform, rarely subnapiform. |
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Stems | ascending to suberect, 10–12(–30) cm. |
± prostrate or suberect, becoming reflexed in fruit, 1–6 cm. |
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Leaves | basal leaves evergreen, sessile or abruptly or gradually narrowed to broad petiole, blade oblanceolate, obovate, spatulate, or rarely ± linear or ± orbiculate, ± flattened, 3–14 cm, margins entire, crisped, or toothed, apex truncate, emarginate, retuse, or rounded; cauline leaves alternate, intergrading with bracts, blade oblong to ovate, 5–10 mm, margins glandular-toothed, apex acute to occasionally obtuse. |
basal leaves withering at or soon after anthesis, ± sessile or gradually tapered to long petiole, blade linear to linear-oblanceolate, ± flattened, 3–9 cm, margins entire, apex acute to obtuse; cauline leaves absent. |
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Inflorescences | dense, paniculate to subumbellate cymes, 10–50-flowered; bracts alternate or opposite proximally, 2 at each flowering node distally, obovate to lanceolate, 2–4 mm, margins glandular-toothed, apex acute. |
2–4(–7)-flowered in racemose cymes or with flowers borne singly; bracts 2, opposite, plus 1 subtending each successive flower if more than 1 flower, linear-oblong, linear-lanceolate, or lanceolate, (2–)4–10 mm, margins glandular-toothed, sometimes eglandular-toothed, apex acute. |
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Flowers | pedicellate, not disarticulate in fruit; sepals 2, suborbiculate to broadly ovate, 4–6 mm, herbaceous at anthesis, margins glandular-toothed, apex obtuse to truncate; petals 7–10, usually pink-purple with pale and darker stripes, less often white, cream with pink-orange stripes, ± orange, or yellow, oblanceolate, obovate, or spatulate, (8–)12–20 mm; stamens 5–12; stigmas 2–4; pedicel 2–5 mm. |
pedicellate, not disarticulate in fruit, 1.5–2 cm diam.; sepals 2, suborbiculate, broadly ovate, or obovate, 2–6 mm, herbaceous at anthesis, margins usually glandular-toothed, sometimes eglandular-toothed or rarely ± entire, apex usually truncate, sometimes rounded, obtuse, subacute, or apiculate; petals 5–9, white, pink, or magenta, sometimes green at base, narrowly oblong, elliptic, or oblanceolate, 4–10 mm; stamens (4–)5–8; stigmas 3–6; pedicel 2–5(–10) mm. |
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Capsules | 3–5 mm. |
4–5 mm. |
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Seeds | 4–15, 1.5 mm, shiny, smooth. |
15–24, 1–2 mm, shiny, smooth. |
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2n | = ca. 66. |
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Lewisia cotyledon |
Lewisia pygmaea |
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Phenology | Flowering late spring–late summer. | |||||||||
Habitat | Open places in short turf or gravelly or rocky substrates | |||||||||
Elevation | 2300-4200 m [7500-13800 ft] | |||||||||
Distribution |
CA; OR
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AZ; CA; CO; ID; MT; NM; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; YT
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Discussion | Varieties 3 (3 in the flora). The varieties occasionally co-occur. Natural hybrids with Lewisia leeana are known (see discussion under 8. L. leeana). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
The circumscription and diagnosis of Lewisia pygmaea is problematic because of morphologic variability, intermediacy, and/or hybridization with L. nevadensis (see L. T. Dempster 1990). In the range of typical forms of L. nevadensis (see discussion under 11. L. nevadensis), one or more forms of L. pygmaea will also occur, but at higher elevations. Segregates of L. pygmaea recognized elsewhere as species include L. glandulosa, which occurs in rocky substrates above 3000 m in the central and southern Sierra Nevada and is characterized by elongate, sinuous taproots (L. T. Dempster 1990); and L. sierrae, which occurs in moist flats above 2400 m in the central Sierra Nevada and includes diminutive plants with irregularly eglandular-toothed (occasionally entire) sepals (B. Mathew 1989b). Dempster postulated that the variable and widely distributed L. pygmaea represents a hybrid species derived from L. nevadensis and L. glandulosa. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 4, p. 480. | FNA vol. 4, p. 483. | ||||||||
Parent taxa | ||||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||
Synonyms | Calandrinia cotyledon, Oreobroma cotyledon | Talinum pygmaeum, Calandrinia grayi, Calandrinia pygmaea, L. exarticulata, L. glandulosa, L. minima, L. pygmaea var. aridorum, L. pygmaea subsp. glandulosa, L. sierrae, Oreobroma aridorum, Oreobroma exarticulatum, Oreobroma glandulosum, Oreobroma grayi, Oreobroma minimum, Oreobroma pygmaeum | ||||||||
Name authority | (S. Watson) B. L. Robinson: in A. Gray et al., Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 1: 268. (1897) | (A. Gray) B. L. Robinson: in A. Gray et al., Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 1: 268. (1897) | ||||||||
Web links |