Leucanthemum maximum |
Leucanthemum vulgare |
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max chrysanthemum, Shasta daisy, Shasta oxeye daisy |
marguerite blanche, ox-eye daisy, oxe eye daisy |
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Habit | Perennials, 20–60(–80+) cm. | Perennials, 10–30(–100+) cm. |
Stems | simple or distally branched. |
simple or distally branched. |
Basal leaves | petioles 50–80(–200+) mm, expanding into obovate to spatulate blades 50–80(–120+) × 15–25(–35+) mm, margins not lobed, usually toothed, rarely entire. |
petioles 10–30(–120) mm, expanding into obovate to spatulate blades 12–35(–50+) × 8–20(–30) mm, margins usually pinnately lobed (lobes 3–7+) and/or irregularly toothed. |
Cauline leaves | petiolate or sessile; blades oblanceolate to lanceolate or linear, 50–120+ × 8–22+ mm, margins of mid-stem leaves usually entire proximally, regularly serrate distally. |
petiolate or sessile; blades oblanceolate or spatulate to lanceolate or linear, 30–80+ × 2–15+ mm, margins of mid-stem leaves usually irregularly toothed proximally and distally. |
Involucres | 18–28+ mm diam. |
12–20+ mm diam. |
Ray florets | 21–34+; laminae 20–30(–40+) mm. |
usually 13–34+, rarely 0; laminae 12–20(–35+) mm. |
Phyllaries | (the larger) 2–3 mm wide. |
(the larger) 2–3 mm wide. |
Ray cypselae | 2–3(–4) mm, apices usually bare, rarely obscurely auriculate. |
1.5–2.5 mm, apices usually coronate or auriculate. |
2n | = 90, 108. |
= 18, 36, 54, 72, 90. |
Leucanthemum maximum |
Leucanthemum vulgare |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring–summer. | Flowering spring–fall. |
Habitat | Disturbed sites, meadows, seeps, clearings | Disturbed places, meadows, seeps, clearings |
Elevation | 0–1500+ m (0–4900+ ft) | 0–2000 m (0–6600 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; CA; WY; w Europe (widely cultivated, sparingly adventive) [Introduced in North America]
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AK; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; FL; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; MA; MI; MO; MT; ND; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; SC; SD; TN; UT; VA; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; ON; QC; SK; Europe; widely adventive [Introduced in North America]
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Discussion | The name Shasta daisy of horticulture is associated also with Leucanthemum ×superbum (Bergmans ex J. Ingram) Bergmans ex D. H. Kent, which is generally thought to have been derived from hybrids between L. maximum and L. lacustre. Cultivars of “Shasta daisy” number in the dozens, including “single,” “double,” “quill,” and “shaggy” forms; they may be encountered as waifs or persisting from abandoned plantings. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Some botanists (e.g., W. J. Cody 1996) have treated Leucanthemum ircutianum de Candolle, with blades of mid and distal cauline leaves oblong to oblong-lanceolate and not ± pinnate at bases, as distinct from L. vulgare. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 19, p. 558. | FNA vol. 19, p. 558. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Anthemideae > Leucanthemum | Asteraceae > tribe Anthemideae > Leucanthemum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Chrysanthemum maximum | Chrysanthemum leucanthemum, Chrysanthemum leucanthemum var. pinnatifidum |
Name authority | (Ramond) de Candolle: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 6: 46. (1838) | Lamarck: Fl. Franç. 2: 137. (1779) |
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