Lespedeza leptostachya |
Lespedeza |
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prairie bush-clover, prairie lespedeza |
bush-clover, lespedeza |
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Habit | Herbs. | Herbs, perennial, or shrubs, unarmed, without uncinate hairs; rootstock woody. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stems | erect, slender, 70–100 cm, mostly simple, with axillary, exserted inflorescences distally, pubescent. |
erect, ascending, procumbent, or trailing, often woody near base in herbs, usually branched, pubescent or glabrescent. |
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Leaves | stipules subulate to narrowly triangular, to 5 mm; petiole 6–10 mm, longer than rachis; leaflet blades linear to narrowly oblong, apex rounded or obtuse, apiculate, surfaces densely sericeous abaxially, uniformly appressed-pubescent adaxially; terminal blade 20–40 × 2–7 mm, length 2.5–7 times width. |
alternate, trifoliolate, often larger on medial stems than those subtending inflorescences; stipules present, usually persistent (caducous in L. texana), ciliate, striate-veined, apex acuminate; petiolate proximally, sessile or subsessile distally; stipels absent; leaflets 3, blade margins entire, ciliate, main lateral veins anastomosing before reaching margin, surfaces glabrous or pubescent; lateral leaflets pulvinate, sessile or subsessile, blade often ± oblique; terminal leaflet usually petiolulate (sometimes sessile in L. repens), usually larger than laterals. |
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Racemes | 8–15-flowered, flowers lax on axis, flowers chasmogamous, cleistogamous rare, racemes shorter than to 1–4 times length of subtending leaves. |
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Inflorescences | (1 or)2–40-flowered, axillary or appearing terminal due to reduction of subtending leaves, pseudoracemes, consisting of clusters of 2–4 flowers, rarely capitate, sometimes appearing paniclelike when subtending leaves reduced, cleistogamous flowers often in proximal fascicles, bracteolate; bracts present, 1, subtending each flower cluster; bracteoles 2, subtending each flower. |
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Peduncles | equal to or much longer than subtending leaves. |
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Pedicels | to 1 mm; bracteoles longer than calyx tube. |
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Flowers | chasmogamous 5–6 mm; calyx 4.5–6 mm, longer than corolla and loments, tube 1 mm; lobes 5, lateral narrowly triangular to subulate, 4–5 mm, setaceous, villous, apices spinelike; corolla whitish yellow or lavender-tinged; wings 4.5–5.2 mm; keel 4–4.5 mm. |
papilionaceous, chasmogamous or cleistogamous, chasmogamous pedicellate or subsessile, cleistogamous enclosed in calyx with reduced corolla; calyx campanulate, lobes 4 or 5, often longer than tube, adaxial 2 distinct or proximally ± connate (and thus calyx 4-lobed), apex 2-toothed; corolla pink to purple, lavender, magenta, reddish purple, or white to pale yellow; banner broadly obovate to orbiculate, proximally clawed or cuneate, with inflexed auricles, darker purple marks (nectar guides) at throat of adaxial surface of lamina; wings and keel long-clawed, lamina elliptic-oblong, proximally rounded; stamens 10, diadelphous; anthers dorsifixed (uniform); disc present around base of ovary; ovary minutely stipitate; style adaxially incurved, slightly exserted from stamens; stigma minute, terminal. |
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Fruits | loments, usually subsessile, sometimes stipitate (sessile in L. procumbens), unilocular, strongly compressed laterally, indehiscent, papery, usually appressed-pubescent, sericeous, or villous; loments from chasmogamous flowers usually subsessile, sometimes stipitate, usually elliptic-ovate or suborbicular to rounded, style straight; loments from cleistogamous flowers sessile, usually crowded at base of peduncle, obovate to suborbicular, slightly smaller than chasmogamous, style curved and relatively short. |
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Seed | 1, asymmetrical, ellipsoid or oblong, rim-arillate, chasmogamous seeds slightly longer or similar to cleistogamous. |
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Loments | chasmogamous included in calyx, rounded, 4–6 mm, cleistogamous similar to chasmogamous; stipe subsessile. |
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x | = 9, 10, 11. |
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Lespedeza leptostachya |
Lespedeza |
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Phenology | Flowering late summer–fall. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Habitat | Upland prairie remnants. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Elevation | 100–500 m. (300–1600 ft.) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Distribution |
IA; IL; MN; WI
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North America; n Mexico; Asia [Introduced in s Africa, Pacific Islands (Hawaii), Australia] |
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Discussion | Hybridization of Lespedeza leptostachya with L. capitata has been documented (J. B. Fant et al. 2010). Lespedeza leptostachya is in the Center for Plant Conservation’s National Collection of Endangered Plants. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Species 47 (16 in the flora). Lespedeza species are distributed in Asia mainly from China to Japan, with a few extending to India to Afghanistan, and to New Guinea. Lespedeza is monophyletic and most closely related to Campylotropis Bunge and Kummerowia (Han J. E. et al. 2010; T. Nemoto et al. 2010; Xu B. et al. 2012). The genus is divided into subg. Lespedeza, native to North America, and subg. Macrolespedeza (Maximowicz) H. Ohashi, confined to Asia (H. Ohashi and Nemoto 2014). North American Lespedeza is divided into sect. Lespedeza and sect. Lespedezariae (as Lespedezaria) Torrey & A. Gray, which are supported by cpDNA analyses (T. Nemoto et al. 2010). The North America species were mostly well defined by A. F. Clewell (1966) and D. Isely (1998). Thirty putative hybrids are recognized. Six Asiatic species are recorded as naturalized in North America (D. Isely 1998); Lespedeza virgata (Thunberg) de Candolle, reported from Florida and North Carolina (L. C. Anderson 1988; A. F. Clewell and W. H. Stickell 1990), is excluded because the identifications of vouchers are not confirmed. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lespedeza | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Name authority | Engelmann ex A. Gray: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 12: 57. (1876) | Michaux: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 70, plates 39, 40. (1803) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Web links |