Lespedeza hirta |
Lespedeza |
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hairy bush-clover, hairy bush-clover or lespedeza, hairy lespedeza |
bush-clover, lespedeza |
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Habit | Herbs. | Herbs, perennial, or shrubs, unarmed, without uncinate hairs; rootstock woody. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stems | erect or ascending, 80–200 cm, branched distally, short appressed-pubescent, pilose, or villous. |
erect, ascending, procumbent, or trailing, often woody near base in herbs, usually branched, pubescent or glabrescent. |
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Leaves | stipules subulate to narrowly triangular, 3–6 mm; petiole 10–15(–20) mm, longer than rachis; leaflet blades ovate-elliptic, obovate, or rounded, apex obtuse or retuse, minutely apiculate, surfaces green, cinereous, or silvery abaxially, sparsely to densely sericeous abaxially, glabrous, sericeous, pilose, or silvery with fine, dense, appressed-silky hairs adaxially; terminal blade 10–40(–50) × (7–)10–30 mm, length 1.3–1.8 times width. |
alternate, trifoliolate, often larger on medial stems than those subtending inflorescences; stipules present, usually persistent (caducous in L. texana), ciliate, striate-veined, apex acuminate; petiolate proximally, sessile or subsessile distally; stipels absent; leaflets 3, blade margins entire, ciliate, main lateral veins anastomosing before reaching margin, surfaces glabrous or pubescent; lateral leaflets pulvinate, sessile or subsessile, blade often ± oblique; terminal leaflet usually petiolulate (sometimes sessile in L. repens), usually larger than laterals. |
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Racemes | 10–40-flowered, axillary from distal leaves or clustered in compound inflorescences, flowers compact to lax, axis and pedicels visible, flowers chasmogamous and cleistogamous. |
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Inflorescences | (1 or)2–40-flowered, axillary or appearing terminal due to reduction of subtending leaves, pseudoracemes, consisting of clusters of 2–4 flowers, rarely capitate, sometimes appearing paniclelike when subtending leaves reduced, cleistogamous flowers often in proximal fascicles, bracteolate; bracts present, 1, subtending each flower cluster; bracteoles 2, subtending each flower. |
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Peduncles | longer than subtending leaves. |
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Pedicels | 1–2 mm; bracteoles longer than calyx tube. |
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Flowers | chasmogamous 7–10 mm; calyx 7–10 mm, pubescent, tube 1–2 mm; lobes 5, lateral narrowly triangular, 7–8 mm, apices spinelike; corolla cream-white or creamy with pink or purple at throat; wings 6–7 mm; keel 5–6 mm. |
papilionaceous, chasmogamous or cleistogamous, chasmogamous pedicellate or subsessile, cleistogamous enclosed in calyx with reduced corolla; calyx campanulate, lobes 4 or 5, often longer than tube, adaxial 2 distinct or proximally ± connate (and thus calyx 4-lobed), apex 2-toothed; corolla pink to purple, lavender, magenta, reddish purple, or white to pale yellow; banner broadly obovate to orbiculate, proximally clawed or cuneate, with inflexed auricles, darker purple marks (nectar guides) at throat of adaxial surface of lamina; wings and keel long-clawed, lamina elliptic-oblong, proximally rounded; stamens 10, diadelphous; anthers dorsifixed (uniform); disc present around base of ovary; ovary minutely stipitate; style adaxially incurved, slightly exserted from stamens; stigma minute, terminal. |
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Fruits | loments, usually subsessile, sometimes stipitate (sessile in L. procumbens), unilocular, strongly compressed laterally, indehiscent, papery, usually appressed-pubescent, sericeous, or villous; loments from chasmogamous flowers usually subsessile, sometimes stipitate, usually elliptic-ovate or suborbicular to rounded, style straight; loments from cleistogamous flowers sessile, usually crowded at base of peduncle, obovate to suborbicular, slightly smaller than chasmogamous, style curved and relatively short. |
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Seed | 1, asymmetrical, ellipsoid or oblong, rim-arillate, chasmogamous seeds slightly longer or similar to cleistogamous. |
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Loments | chasmogamous slightly included in calyx, ovate-oblong, 6–8 × 4–5 mm, cleistogamous slightly included in calyx, oblong, 6 × 4 mm; stipe subsessile. |
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x | = 9, 10, 11. |
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Lespedeza hirta |
Lespedeza |
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Distribution |
North America
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North America; n Mexico; Asia [Introduced in s Africa, Pacific Islands (Hawaii), Australia] |
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Discussion | Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora). Lespedeza hirta forms natural hybrids with L. angustifolia, L. capitata, L. frutescens, L. procumbens, L. repens, L. stuevei, L. violacea, and L. virginica. Hybrids with L. violacea have been called L. × nuttallii Darlington, and offspring from Indiana plants of L. × nuttallii show morphologies that range from one parental species to the other. Other purple-petaled species may hybridize with L. hirta to produce offspring similar to the morphology of L. × nuttallii (D. Isely 1998). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Species 47 (16 in the flora). Lespedeza species are distributed in Asia mainly from China to Japan, with a few extending to India to Afghanistan, and to New Guinea. Lespedeza is monophyletic and most closely related to Campylotropis Bunge and Kummerowia (Han J. E. et al. 2010; T. Nemoto et al. 2010; Xu B. et al. 2012). The genus is divided into subg. Lespedeza, native to North America, and subg. Macrolespedeza (Maximowicz) H. Ohashi, confined to Asia (H. Ohashi and Nemoto 2014). North American Lespedeza is divided into sect. Lespedeza and sect. Lespedezariae (as Lespedezaria) Torrey & A. Gray, which are supported by cpDNA analyses (T. Nemoto et al. 2010). The North America species were mostly well defined by A. F. Clewell (1966) and D. Isely (1998). Thirty putative hybrids are recognized. Six Asiatic species are recorded as naturalized in North America (D. Isely 1998); Lespedeza virgata (Thunberg) de Candolle, reported from Florida and North Carolina (L. C. Anderson 1988; A. F. Clewell and W. H. Stickell 1990), is excluded because the identifications of vouchers are not confirmed. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lespedeza | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Synonyms | Hedysarum hirtum | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Name authority | (Linnaeus) Hornemann: Hort. Bot. Hafn. 2: 699. (1815) | Michaux: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 70, plates 39, 40. (1803) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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