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shrubby lespedeza, violet bush-clover

Texas bush-clover or lespedeza, Texas lespedeza

Habit Herbs. Herbs.
Stems

ascending or sprawling, clustered, 10–50 cm, branched much of length, sericeous or glabrescent.

erect becoming trailing, 50–150 cm, branched much of length, appressed-pubescent and patent-pilose.

Leaves

usually 2 sizes, axillary ones subtending racemes much smaller;

stipules subulate, 2.5–6 mm;

petiole (5–)10–15(–20) mm, longer than rachis;

leaflet blades elliptic to narrowly elliptic, apex obtuse or retuse, apiculate, surfaces sericeous abaxially, glabrous adaxially;

laterals similar to terminal, without oblique base;

terminal blade 10–30(–40) × 8–22 mm (6–10 mm in axillary leaves), length 1.4–2.5 times width.

stipules caducous, subulate, 3–8 mm;

petiole 10–16 mm, longer than rachis;

leaflet blades elliptic or obovate, apex obtuse, scarcely apiculate, surfaces abaxially grayish or pale green, appressed-puberulent or pilose, especially along midrib and margin abaxially, sparsely puberulent or glabrescent adaxially;

terminal blade (10–)15–25(–30) × 6–10 mm, length 1.7–2.2 times width.

Racemes

slender, 4–7-flowered, flowers not clustered at apex, flowers chasmogamous and cleistogamous.

3–8-flowered, flowers not clustered at apex, flowers chasmogamous and cleistogamous.

Peduncles

usually much longer than subtending leaves, sericeous.

much longer than subtending leaves, patent-pilose.

Pedicels

0.5–3 mm, appressed-puberulent;

bracteoles shorter than calyx tube.

3–5 mm, patent-pilose;

bracteoles shorter than calyx tube.

Flowers

chasmogamous 6.5–9 mm;

calyx 4–6 mm, appressed-puberulent, tube 1–1.2 mm;

lobes 4, lateral narrowly triangular, 2.5–3 mm, adaxial connate proximally, apices acuminate;

corolla purple;

wings 5.5–6.5 mm;

keel 6–8 mm.

chasmogamous 5.5–8.5 mm;

calyx 2–4 mm, tube 1–1.5 mm;

lobes 4, lateral narrowly triangular, 1.2–1.5 mm, adaxial connate proximally;

corolla purple;

wings 5–6 mm;

keel 6–6.5 mm.

Loments

chasmogamous as long as calyx, ovate to rounded, 5–7 mm, cleistogamous exserted from calyx, calyx 1/5 loment length, rounded, 4–5 mm;

stipe subsessile.

body exserted from calyx, rounded, chasmogamous 5–7 mm, cleistogamous 4–6.5 mm;

stipe 1 mm.

2n

= 20.

= 20.

Lespedeza frutescens

Lespedeza texana

Phenology Flowering late summer–fall. Flowering summer–fall.
Habitat Open deciduous, dry upland woodlands, prairie fragments, alluvial woodlands, ruderal areas, limestone or sandy soils. Limestone hills, open fields.
Elevation 0–900 m. (0–3000 ft.) 200–1600 m. (700–5200 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MO; MS; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; VT; WV; ON
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
TX; Mexico (Coahuila)
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

The name Lespedeza violacea was widely applied to L. frutescens in the past; however, the type specimen of the basionym (Hedysarum violaceum) represents the species previously called L. intermedia. The result is that the name L. violacea replaces what was called L. intermedia, and L. frutescens must be taken up for this species (J. L. Reveal and F. R. Barrie 1991).

Lespedeza frutescens forms natural hybrids with L. capitata, L. hirta, L. procumbens, L. repens, L. stuevei, L. violacea, and L. virginica. Hybrids with L. violacea are common (A. F. Clewell 1966) and have been called L. × acuticarpa Mackenzie & Bush.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Lespedeza texana is known only from Texas, especially the Edwards Plateau, except for a disjunct population in northern Mexico. Stems are procumbent or trailing, or sometimes erect or ascending near the base, to 15 cm, arching for about the next 10 cm, and trailing the rest of their lengths (A. F. Clewell 1966).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lespedeza Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lespedeza
Sibling taxa
L. angustifolia, L. bicolor, L. capitata, L. cuneata, L. cyrtobotrya, L. daurica, L. hirta, L. leptostachya, L. procumbens, L. repens, L. stuevei, L. texana, L. thunbergii, L. violacea, L. virginica
L. angustifolia, L. bicolor, L. capitata, L. cuneata, L. cyrtobotrya, L. daurica, L. frutescens, L. hirta, L. leptostachya, L. procumbens, L. repens, L. stuevei, L. thunbergii, L. violacea, L. virginica
Synonyms Hedysarum frutescens, L. prairea, L. violacea var. divergens, L. violacea var. prairea
Name authority (Linnaeus) Hornemann: Hort. Bot. Hafn. 2: 699. (1815) Britton ex Small: Fl. S.E. U.S., 641, 1332. (1903)
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