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bearded sprangletop, Malabar sprangletop, sprangletop

Argentine sprangletop

Habit Plants annual or weakly perennial. Plants perennial.
Culms

5-170 cm, hollow.

60-200;

cm, erect, compressed, unbranched;

internodes hollow.

Sheaths

glabrous or scabrous;

ligules 2-8 mm, membranous, attenuate, becoming lacerate at maturity;

blades 3-50 cm long, 2-7 mm wide, glabrous or scabrous, those of the flag leaves sometimes exceeding the panicles.

pubescent;

ligules 0.5-1 mm, shortly ciliate;

blades 25-50 cm long, 2.8-5.5 mm wide, ascending to reflexed, adaxial surfaces usually sparsely pilose behind the ligules, otherwise both surfaces glabrous.

Panicles

(1.5)10-105 cm long, 0.5-22 cm wide, with 3-35 racemose branches, bases of the panicles sometimes remaining enclosed in the upper leaf sheaths at maturity;

branches 1.5-20(22) cm, ascending to reflexed.

to 53 cm, with 5-20 digitate branches;

secondary panicles not present in the lower sheaths;

branches 7-17 cm, steeply ascending but drooping at the apices.

Spikelets

5-12(14) mm, with 6-20 florets.

4.5-5 mm, imbricate, green to straw-colored, with 3-4 florets.

Glumes

ovate, acute;

lower glumes 1.3-2.6 mm;

upper glumes 2.2-3.7 mm;

lemmas 2.8-3.8 mm, lanceolate to ovate, chartaceous, lateral veins sericeous, apices acute to slightly obtuse, minutely emarginate, mucronate;

paleas ciliolate over the veins;

anthers 1, 0.4-0.6 mm.

Lower glumes

1-3(4.9) mm;

upper glumes 1.8-5.5 mm;

lemmas 2-6 mm, sometimes with a dark spot near the base, apices acute to truncate, sometimes emarginate to bifid, unawned, mucronate, or awned;

paleas somewhat sericeous along the veins;

anthers 1-3, 0.2-2.7 mm.

Caryopses

0.8-2.4 mm, elliptic to ovate or obovate.

0.9-1.8 mm long, 0.3-0.4 mm wide, triangular in cross section.

2n

= 20.

= unknown.

Leptochloa fusca

Leptochloa chloridiformis

Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; HI; PR; BC; ON; QC; Virgin Islands
[WildflowerSearch map]
from FNA
TX
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Leptochloa fusca grows in warm areas throughout the world. The two American subspecies, subsp. uninervia and subsp. fascicularis, are usually distinct, but they intergrade repeatedly with L. fusca subsp. fusca.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Leptochloa chloridiformis is native to Uruguay, southern Paraguay, and northern Argentina. It was introduced in the early part of the twentieth century but has not become established in the Flora region. The only known collections are from Cameron County, Texas, the most recent having been made in the 1940s.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Uppermost leaf blades exceeding the panicles; panicles usually partially enclosed in the uppermost leaf sheaths; mature lemmas often smoky white with a dark spot in the basal 1/2
subsp. fascicularis
1. Uppermost leaf blades exceeded by the panicles; panicles usually completely exserted; mature lemmas usually lacking a dark spot.
→ 2
2. Anthers 0.5-2.7 mm long; spikelets 6-14 mm long; lemmas obtuse, acute, or acuminate, sometimes bifid, light brown to dark green
subsp. fusca
2. Anthers 0.2-0.6(1) mm long; spikelets 5-10 mm long; lemmas obtuse to truncate, usually notched and mucronate, often dark green or lead-colored
subsp. uninervia
Source FNA vol. 25, p. 54. FNA vol. 25, p. 54.
Parent taxa Poaceae > subfam. Chloridoideae > tribe Cynodonteae > Leptochloa Poaceae > subfam. Chloridoideae > tribe Cynodonteae > Leptochloa
Sibling taxa
L. chinensis, L. chloridiformis, L. dubia, L. nealleyi, L. panicea, L. panicoides, L. scabra, L. virgata, L. viscida
L. chinensis, L. dubia, L. fusca, L. nealleyi, L. panicea, L. panicoides, L. scabra, L. virgata, L. viscida
Subordinate taxa
L. fusca subsp. fascicularis, L. fusca subsp. fusca, L. fusca subsp. uninervia
Name authority (L.) Kunth (Hack.) Parodi
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