The green links below add additional plants to the comparison table. Blue links lead to other Web sites.
enable glossary links

fork pepper-grass, fork pepperweed, fork pepperwort, sharp pod pepper grass, sharp-fruit pepperweed, sharpfruit pepperwort

shining pepper grass, shining pepper-weed

Habit Annuals; glabrous or puberulent. Annuals; puberulent.
Stems

several from base, usually erect to ascending, rarely decumbent, branched, 0.4–1.5(–2) dm.

simple to numerous from base, erect to ascending or decumbent, sometimes branched distally, (0.4–)1–3.5(–4.2) dm.

Basal leaves

(soon withered);

not rosulate;

petiole 0.5–1.5(–2) cm;

blade margins entire or pinnatifid (lobes 2–5 pairs, linear to filiform), 1.5–5 cm × 0.5–2 mm.

(soon withered);

not rosulate;

petiole (0.4–)1–4.2(–5) cm;

blade pinnatisect (lobes usually linear to filiform, rarely oblong to lanceolate), (0.8–)1.5–7.3(–8) cm, margins (of lobes) usually entire, rarely dentate.

Cauline leaves

petiolate;

blade linear, 0.1–0.3 cm × 0.5–2 mm, base attenuate, not auriculate, margins entire.

petiolate or subsessile;

similar to basal, blade smaller, sometimes undivided and linear, base attenuate, not auriculate.

Racemes

considerably elongated, (lax) in fruit;

rachis glabrous or puberulent, trichomes straight, cylindrical.

much-elongated, (lax) in fruit;

rachis puberulent to hirsutulous, trichomes straight, cylindrical.

Flowers

sepals oblong, 0.6–0.8 × 0.4–0.5 mm;

petals absent;

stamens 4, median;

filaments 0.6–0.7;

anthers ca. 0.1 mm.

sepals oblong-ovate, (0.7–)0.9–1.3(–1.5) × 0.5–0.8 mm;

petals (rarely rudimentary or absent), white, oblanceolate, (0.8–)1.2–2(–2.8) × 0.2–1(–1.6) mm, claw absent, (glabrous);

stamens usually 4, median, rarely 6;

filaments (0.5–)0.7–1(–1.3);

anthers 0.1–0.2 mm.

Fruiting pedicels

divaricate to horizontal or descending, usually recurved, rarely straight, (terete or slightly flattened), 2–4(–6) × 0.2–0.3 mm, glabrous or puberulent adaxially.

usually divaricate, rarely ascending or suberect, usually slightly or weakly recurved, rarely straight, (strongly flattened), 2.5–5(–6.5) × (0.4–)0.6–0.9(–1.1) mm, puberulent adaxially and sometimes on proximal 1/3 abaxially.

Fruit(s)

ovate, 2.4–3.6 × 1.8–2.5 mm, apically winged, apical notch (V-shaped), 0.3–0.8 mm deep;

valves thin, smooth, strongly reticulate-veined, glabrous;

style obsolete or to 0.1 mm, included in apical notch.

orbicular to broadly ovate, (2.5–)3–5.5(–6.5) × (2–)2.6–5(–5.4) mm, apically winged, apical notch 0.3–0.7(–1) mm deep;

valves thin, smooth, slightly veined or not, usually glabrous, rarely minutely and sparsely puberulent (along margin);

style usually obsolete, rarely to 0.1 mm, included in apical notch.

Seeds

oblong, 1.4–1.8 × 0.8–0.9 mm.

ovate-oblong, 1.6–2.6 × 0.9–1.2 mm.

Lepidium oxycarpum

Lepidium nitidum

Phenology Flowering Mar–May. Flowering Feb–Mar.
Habitat Borders of vernal pools, grassy fields, roadsides ditches, alkaline flats, margins of salt marshes Alkaline flats and sinks, meadows, pastures, dry vernal pools, fields, sandy beaches, grassy area, gravelly slopes, creosote bush desert
Elevation 0-400 m (0-1300 ft) 0-1000 m (0-3300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; OR; WA; Mexico (Baja California)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Lepidium oxycarpum apparently did not persist in British Columbia following its introduction there over 110 years ago (G. A. Mulligan 2002b). That record is based on Macoun s.n. (GH, MO, NY, US), which was collected on 31 May 1893 from the vicinity of Victoria, Vancouver Island.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

C. L. Hitchcock (1936) and R. C. Rollins (1993) recognized three varieties within Lepidium nitidum, of which var. howellii was said to differ from var. nitidum by having puberulent (versus glabrous) fruit margins and stems densely (versus glabrous or sparsely to densely) pubescent. These characters do not covary, and some glabrate plants have puberulent fruit margins, whereas some very densely pubescent plants have glabrous fruits. As for var. oreganum, it is based on plants with divergent fruit wings, but this feature shows every degree of transition from divergent to non-divergent, and both those authors accepted in var. nitidum forms with slightly divergent fruit wings. The species is highly variable in leaf division, fruit size and shape, indumentum density, and flower morphology, especially in the number of stamens and presence or absence of petals. We prefer to maintain it without any further splitting.

C. L. Hitchcock (1945b) indicated that Lepidium nitidum occurs also in Chile but did not indicate whether the plant is introduced or native there. The material that he annotated and cited as L. nitidum from Chile clearly represents misidentified L. chilense Kunze ex Walpers. The latter always has two stamens, whereas L. nitidum usually has four, rarely six, and Hitchcock’s report of two stamens in the latter species was likely based on misidentified plants of another species.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 7, p. 589. FNA vol. 7, p. 588.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Lepidieae > Lepidium Brassicaceae > tribe Lepidieae > Lepidium
Sibling taxa
L. acutidens, L. alyssoides, L. appelianum, L. austrinum, L. barnebyanum, L. campestre, L. chalepense, L. coronopus, L. crenatum, L. davisii, L. densiflorum, L. dictyotum, L. didymum, L. draba, L. eastwoodiae, L. flavum, L. fremontii, L. heterophyllum, L. huberi, L. integrifolium, L. jaredii, L. lasiocarpum, L. latifolium, L. latipes, L. montanum, L. nanum, L. nitidum, L. oblongum, L. ostleri, L. papilliferum, L. paysonii, L. perfoliatum, L. pinnatifidum, L. ramosissimum, L. ruderale, L. sativum, L. sordidum, L. strictum, L. thurberi, L. tiehmii, L. virginicum
L. acutidens, L. alyssoides, L. appelianum, L. austrinum, L. barnebyanum, L. campestre, L. chalepense, L. coronopus, L. crenatum, L. davisii, L. densiflorum, L. dictyotum, L. didymum, L. draba, L. eastwoodiae, L. flavum, L. fremontii, L. heterophyllum, L. huberi, L. integrifolium, L. jaredii, L. lasiocarpum, L. latifolium, L. latipes, L. montanum, L. nanum, L. oblongum, L. ostleri, L. oxycarpum, L. papilliferum, L. paysonii, L. perfoliatum, L. pinnatifidum, L. ramosissimum, L. ruderale, L. sativum, L. sordidum, L. strictum, L. thurberi, L. tiehmii, L. virginicum
Synonyms Nasturtium oxycarpum L. leiocarpum, L. nitidum var. howellii, L. nitidum var. insigne, L. nitidum var. oreganum, L. oreganum, L. strictum var. oreganum, Nasturtium nitidum
Name authority Torrey & A. Gray: Fl. N. Amer. 1: 116. (1838) Nuttall: in J. Torrey and A. Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 116. (1838)
Web links