Lepidium oxycarpum |
Lepidium appelianum |
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fork pepper-grass, fork pepperweed, fork pepperwort, sharp pod pepper grass, sharp-fruit pepperweed, sharpfruit pepperwort |
globe-pod hoary-cress, hairy whitetop, white-top |
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Habit | Annuals; glabrous or puberulent. | Perennials; (rhizomatous); often densely hirsute. |
Stems | several from base, usually erect to ascending, rarely decumbent, branched, 0.4–1.5(–2) dm. |
simple or several from base, erect or ascending, branched distally, (1–)1.5–3.5(–5) dm. |
Basal leaves | (soon withered); not rosulate; petiole 0.5–1.5(–2) cm; blade margins entire or pinnatifid (lobes 2–5 pairs, linear to filiform), 1.5–5 cm × 0.5–2 mm. |
(often withered by anthesis); not rosulate; petiole 0.5–1.5 cm; blade obovate to oblanceolate, (1–)2–6(–7) cm × 3–20 mm, margins dentate to sinuate. |
Cauline leaves | petiolate; blade linear, 0.1–0.3 cm × 0.5–2 mm, base attenuate, not auriculate, margins entire. |
sessile; blade oblong or lanceolate, 1–5(–8) cm × (3–)5–15(–30) mm, base sagittate, margins dentate or subentire, (surfaces pubescent). |
Racemes | considerably elongated, (lax) in fruit; rachis glabrous or puberulent, trichomes straight, cylindrical. |
(usually corymbose, rarely paniculate), rarely elongated in fruit; rachis pubescent, trichomes often curved. |
Flowers | sepals oblong, 0.6–0.8 × 0.4–0.5 mm; petals absent; stamens 4, median; filaments 0.6–0.7; anthers ca. 0.1 mm. |
sepals oblong, 1.4–2 × 0.7–1 mm; petals white, broadly obovate, (2.2–)2.8–4 × 1–3 mm, claw 1–1.4 mm; stamens 6; filaments 2–2.5 mm, (glabrous); anthers 0.4–0.5 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | divaricate to horizontal or descending, usually recurved, rarely straight, (terete or slightly flattened), 2–4(–6) × 0.2–0.3 mm, glabrous or puberulent adaxially. |
divaricate to ascending, straight or slightly curved, (terete), 3–9(–12) × 0.2–0.3 mm, pubescent. |
Fruit(s) | ovate, 2.4–3.6 × 1.8–2.5 mm, apically winged, apical notch (V-shaped), 0.3–0.8 mm deep; valves thin, smooth, strongly reticulate-veined, glabrous; style obsolete or to 0.1 mm, included in apical notch. |
(indehiscent), globose or, rarely, subglobose, (2–)3–4.4(–5) mm diam., (inflated), apically not winged, apical notch absent; valves thin, smooth, not veined, densely puberulent; style 0.5–1.5 mm. |
Seeds | oblong, 1.4–1.8 × 0.8–0.9 mm. |
(brown or dark brown), ovoid, 1.5–2 × 1–1.5 mm. |
2n | = 16. |
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Lepidium oxycarpum |
Lepidium appelianum |
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Phenology | Flowering Mar–May. | Flowering May–Sep. |
Habitat | Borders of vernal pools, grassy fields, roadsides ditches, alkaline flats, margins of salt marshes | Roadsides, sagebrush communities, alkaline meadows, waste grounds, ditch and stream sides, fields, pastures |
Elevation | 0-400 m (0-1300 ft) | 400-2400 m (1300-7900 ft) |
Distribution |
CA
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CA; CO; ID; MI; MO; MT; ND; NE; NM; NV; OR; PA; UT; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; MB; SK; c Asia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in South America, other parts of Asia]
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Discussion | Lepidium oxycarpum apparently did not persist in British Columbia following its introduction there over 110 years ago (G. A. Mulligan 2002b). That record is based on Macoun s.n. (GH, MO, NY, US), which was collected on 31 May 1893 from the vicinity of Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Lepidium appelianum has become a noxious weed in most of its range in North America. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 589. | FNA vol. 7, p. 576. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Lepidieae > Lepidium | Brassicaceae > tribe Lepidieae > Lepidium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Nasturtium oxycarpum | Hymenophysa pubescens, Cardaria pubescens, Cardaria pubescens var. elongata |
Name authority | Torrey & A. Gray: Fl. N. Amer. 1: 116. (1838) | Al-Shehbaz: Novon 12: 7. (2002) |
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