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heart-pod hoary-cress, heart-pod pepperweed, hoary cress, hoary pepperwort, whitetop

peppergrass, upright pepper-weed, upright peppergrass

Habit Perennials; (rhizomatous); hirsute or glabrate. Annuals; hirsute.
Stems

often simple from base, erect or decumbent basally, branched (several) distally, (0.8–)2–6.5(–9) dm.

often several from base, usually ascending or decumbent to prostrate, rarely erect, branched distally, (0.4–)0.7–1.7(–2) dm.

Basal leaves

(early withered);

not rosulate;

petiole 1–4 cm;

blade obovate, spatulate, or ovate, (1.5–)3–10(–15) cm × 10–40 mm, margins sinuate to dentate or entire.

not rosulate;

petiole 0.5–3 cm;

blade 2-pinnatifid (lobes lanceolate to oblong), 1.5–5.6 cm, margins (of lobes) entire.

Cauline leaves

sessile;

blade ovate, elliptic, oblong, or lanceolate, oblanceolate, or obovate, (1–)3–9(–15) cm × (5–)10–20(–50) mm, base sagittate-amplexicaul or auriculate, margins dentate or entire, (surfaces pubescent or glabrous).

shortly petiolate;

blade pinnatifid, 0.8–3 cm × 0.3–8 mm, base cuneate to attenuate, not auriculate, margins (of lobes) entire.

Racemes

(corymbose panicles), slightly or considerably elongated in fruit;

rachis glabrous or puberulent, trichomes straight or curved, cylindrical.

elongated, (dense) in fruit;

rachis puberulent, trichomes straight, cylindrical.

Flowers

sepals oblong to ovate, 1.5–2.5 × 0.7–1.2 mm;

petals white, obovate, (2.5–)3–4(–4.5) × (1–)1.3–2(–2.2) mm, claw 1–1.7 mm;

stamens 6;

filaments 2–3 mm, (glabrous);

anthers 0.4–0.5 mm.

sepals (persistent), oblong, 0.7–1(–1.2) × 0.3–0.4 mm;

petals (rudimentary), white, linear, 0.2–0.5 × 0.05 mm, claw absent;

stamens 2, median;

filaments 0.5–0.8 mm;

anthers 0.1–0.15 mm.

Fruiting pedicels

ascending to horizontal, straight, (terete), 5–10(–15) × 0.2–0.3 mm, glabrous or sparsely puberulent adaxially.

suberect and subappressed at base, recurved and becoming divaricate distally, strongly curved, (often flattened and narrowly winged), (1–)1.4–2.5(–3) × 0.2–0.4 mm, puberulent adaxially.

Fruits

(indehiscent), cordate to subreniform, (2–)2.5–3.7(–4.3) × (3.2–)3.7–5(–5.6) mm, apically (obtuse to subacute), not winged, apical notch absent;

valves thin, smooth, reticulate-veined, glabrous;

style (0.6–)1–1.8(–2) mm.

ovate-orbicular to ovate, 2.5–3.3 × 2–3 mm,apically winged, apical notch 0.3–0.6 mm deep;

valves (enclosing seeds), thin, smooth, reticulate-veined, glabrous or puberulent on margin;

style obsolete or to 0.1 mm, included in apical notch.

Seeds

ovate, 1.5–2.3 × 1–1.3 mm.

oblong, 1.2–1.6 × 0.7–0.8 mm.

2n

= 32, 64.

= 32.

Lepidium draba

Lepidium strictum

Phenology Flowering Apr–Aug. Flowering Apr–Jun.
Habitat Mountain slopes, roadsides, fields, agricultural lands, stream sides, disturbed grounds, pastures, waste areas Waste grounds, woodlands, hillsides
Elevation 0-3300 m (0-10800 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; MA; MD; MI; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SD; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; MB; NS; ON; SK; s Europe; sw Asia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico (Distrito Federal), South America, s Africa, Australia]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; OR; South America (Chile) [Introduced in North America]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Although Lepidium draba is poorly established and known from old collections in the eastern part of the United States, it has become a noxious weed in several western states.

Lepidium draba and its nearest relatives, L. appelianum and L. chalepense, form a monophyletic clade most closely related to L. campestre (K. Mummenhoff et al. 2001). A. Thellung (1906) and C. L. Hitchcock (1936) correctly placed L. draba in Lepidium, as did Linnaeus. The recognition of the first three species in Cardaria and the maintenance of their nearest relative, L. campestre, in Lepidium do not make any sense on both phylogenetic and taxonomic grounds.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Lepidium strictum was reported from Utah (C. L. Hitchcock 1936) and Colorado (W. A. Weber 1989), but we have been unable to verify those records. The species is easily distinguished by a combination of reticulate-veined fruits, persistent sepals, flattened and narrowly winged fruiting pedicels, and filiform nectaries.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 7, p. 581. FNA vol. 7, p. 593.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Lepidieae > Lepidium Brassicaceae > tribe Lepidieae > Lepidium
Sibling taxa
L. acutidens, L. alyssoides, L. appelianum, L. austrinum, L. barnebyanum, L. campestre, L. chalepense, L. coronopus, L. crenatum, L. davisii, L. densiflorum, L. dictyotum, L. didymum, L. eastwoodiae, L. flavum, L. fremontii, L. heterophyllum, L. huberi, L. integrifolium, L. jaredii, L. lasiocarpum, L. latifolium, L. latipes, L. montanum, L. nanum, L. nitidum, L. oblongum, L. ostleri, L. oxycarpum, L. papilliferum, L. paysonii, L. perfoliatum, L. pinnatifidum, L. ramosissimum, L. ruderale, L. sativum, L. sordidum, L. strictum, L. thurberi, L. tiehmii, L. virginicum
L. acutidens, L. alyssoides, L. appelianum, L. austrinum, L. barnebyanum, L. campestre, L. chalepense, L. coronopus, L. crenatum, L. davisii, L. densiflorum, L. dictyotum, L. didymum, L. draba, L. eastwoodiae, L. flavum, L. fremontii, L. heterophyllum, L. huberi, L. integrifolium, L. jaredii, L. lasiocarpum, L. latifolium, L. latipes, L. montanum, L. nanum, L. nitidum, L. oblongum, L. ostleri, L. oxycarpum, L. papilliferum, L. paysonii, L. perfoliatum, L. pinnatifidum, L. ramosissimum, L. ruderale, L. sativum, L. sordidum, L. thurberi, L. tiehmii, L. virginicum
Synonyms Cardaria draba, Cochlearia draba, Nasturtium draba L. oxycarpum var. strictum, L. reticulatum
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 645. (1753) (S. Watson) Rattan ex B. L. Robinson: in A. Gray et al., Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 1(1,1): 129. (1895)
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